Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a common perinatal viral infection, caused by the cytomegalovirus, a member of the herpesvirus family. CMV is transmitted from mother to fetus during pregnancy, leading to a spectrum of outcomes ranging from asymptomatic infection to severe manifestations, including intellectual disability, hearing loss, and vision impairment. CMV is the most common congenital viral infection worldwide, affecting infants born to both asymptomatic and symptomatic mothers. Clinical features of congenital CMV infection may include jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, petechiae, and neurological abnormalities. Prevention strategies involve hygiene practices, such as frequent handwashing, and counseling pregnant women on potential sources of CMV exposure. Antiviral medications may be considered in certain cases to mitigate the severity of symptoms and reduce long-term complications. Research in Perinatal Infectious Diseases aims to improve diagnostic methods, enhance understanding of the pathogenesis of these infections, and explore novel interventions to prevent maternal-fetal transmission. Public health initiatives, including routine screening, education, and vaccination where available, play a crucial role in minimizing the impact of Perinatal Infectious Diseases on maternal and neonatal health.