Malaria is a prevalent parasitic infection caused by Plasmodium parasites, primarily Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale, Plasmodium malariae, and Plasmodium knowlesi. Transmitted through the bite of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes, malaria remains a significant global health concern, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Clinical manifestations of malaria include fever, chills, headache, and anemia, with severe cases leading to organ dysfunction and death. Effective management and prevention of malaria involve antimalarial medications, such as artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs), along with vector control measures like insecticide-treated bed nets and indoor residual spraying. Ongoing research focuses on developing new antimalarial drugs, understanding the mechanisms of drug resistance, and advancing malaria vaccines to reduce the burden of this parasitic infection.