Cardiovascular Infections

Bacterial endocarditis is a severe cardiovascular infection involving inflammation of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart chambers and valves. This condition is primarily caused by bacterial infections, commonly Streptococcus and Staphylococcus species. Individuals with pre-existing heart conditions, prosthetic heart valves, or compromised immune systems are at a higher risk. Bacteria can enter the bloodstream through dental procedures, surgical interventions, or skin infections, eventually reaching the heart valves and causing infections. Symptoms of bacterial endocarditis include fever, fatigue, and heart murmurs. If left untreated, it can lead to complications such as valve damage, heart failure, and systemic embolism. Diagnosis involves blood cultures, echocardiography, and clinical evaluation. Treatment often requires prolonged courses of antibiotics and, in severe cases, surgical intervention to repair or replace damaged heart valves. Prevention strategies involve prophylactic antibiotic therapy before certain medical procedures, especially in high-risk individuals. Enhanced awareness, prompt diagnosis, and appropriate management are crucial to improving outcomes for individuals affected by bacterial endocarditis.

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