Adenovirus Infections

Adenovirus infections are caused by a group of non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA viruses belonging to the Adenoviridae family. These viruses are ubiquitous and can infect humans, causing a wide range of illnesses. Adenovirus infections are often associated with respiratory, gastrointestinal, ocular, and genitourinary manifestations. Respiratory adenovirus infections commonly present as the common cold, pharyngitis, or bronchitis. Severe lower respiratory tract infections, such as pneumonia, can occur, particularly in infants, the elderly, or individuals with weakened immune systems. Adenoviruses can also cause conjunctivitis, leading to redness, discharge, and eye irritation. Gastrointestinal adenovirus infections may result in gastroenteritis, causing symptoms like diarrhea and abdominal pain. Ocular adenovirus infections, known as epidemic keratoconjunctivitis, can lead to a highly contagious and severe form of conjunctivitis with corneal involvement. Preventive measures for adenovirus infections include good personal hygiene, handwashing, and vaccination, especially in military settings where adenovirus outbreaks have been historically observed. Treatment is generally supportive, focusing on symptom management and addressing complications in severe cases.

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