9th Edition of
October 23-25, 2025 | Orlando, Florida, USA
Objectives: Data on the use of intravenous (IV) fosfomycin in Canada are limited. Using data captured by the C anadian LE adership on A ntimicrobial R eal-life usage ( CLEAR) registry, we report the use of IV fosfomycin in Canadian patients. Methods: The CLEAR registry uses the w [....] » Read More
FAST (Facilitated Self-Assembling Technology) is a powerful nanotechnology that enhances the effectiveness of hydrophobic molecules in aqueous formulations. Unlike traditional nanotechnology, FAST requires only one or two water-miscible organic solvents to form stable nanoparticl [....] » Read More
We present a diagnostically challenging case of disseminated invasive aspergillosis (DIA) in a 71-year-old male with recent E. coli bacteremia, acute kidney injury requiring hemodialysis (AKI-D), and autoimmune myositis treated with high-dose corticosteroids. The patient was init [....] » Read More
COVID-19 pandemic, sweeping the world from November 2019 to April 2025, is estimated to have caused 18 to 34 million deaths. Confirmed deaths were 7.1 million, of which 1.2 million happened in the United States—the richest country with best vaccines, medical equipment and f [....] » Read More
Until today, the contemporary Adaptive Immunology is using Clonal Selection Theory (CST) as a main Theory of Adaptive Immunology for explanation of how Adaptive Immune system is working in mammals. But after 5 years (2010-2015) of my theoretical research results did show that [....] » Read More
Rising rates of antimicrobial resistance combined with the lack of new antibiotic development has brought new focus to drug repurposing strategies. Early evidence suggests that certain centrally acting psychotropic drugs, including trifluoperazine (TFP) and amoxapine (AXPN), may [....] » Read More
Background Long COVID (Post-COVID Syndrome, PCS) is characterized by persistent neurological symptoms such as fatigue, cognitive impairment, and autonomic dysfunction. Our previous research revealed significant structural and functional abnormalities in the brainstem and cerebell [....] » Read More
Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a growing health security crisis in West Africa, yet the responsiveness of national action plans to real pathogen threats remains poorly characterised. We assessed whether AMR strategies are aligned with the pathogen-specific burde [....] » Read More
Saudi Arabia effectively managed infectious diseases and pandemics, including MERS-CoV (2014) and COVID-19 (2020), by implementing an integrated, evidence-based approach. Its strategy emphasized strategic planning, international collaboration, and rapid adaptability to evolving h [....] » Read More
Leishmaniasis is a tropical parasitic infection transmitted by sand flies. It is sporadically seen in the Aegean, Mediterranean and Central Anatolia regions of Turkey. Here, we wanted to present a non-endemic case of visceral leishmaniasis. A 5-year-old girl was admitted to the h [....] » Read More
Introduction Efavirenz is a long-acting antiretroviral drug that has been available for several decades. Despite being an older medication, it remains widely used in certain regions due to its low susceptibility to resistance. However, its use is associated with frequent adverse [....] » Read More
Aminoglycosides (AGs) and beta-lactams are the most commonly used antimicrobials in animal settings, particularly on dairy farms. Dairy farm waste is an important reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and virulence genes (VGs) in environmental Escherichia coli, whi [....] » Read More
The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) remains to be an incurable fatal infectious disease, while several documented cases demonstrated that the patients with AIDS achieved clinically defined viral clearance following transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells with homoz [....] » Read More
Network science is a powerful tool for understanding the complex interactions between individuals and is widely used to study the spread of infectious diseases. Men who have sex with men (MSM) have a high risk of HIV transmission, and sex role preference is essential to HIV sprea [....] » Read More
Background/Objectives: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global health crisis, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) like Pakistan, where excessive and inappropriate antibiotic use contributes to rising resistance. Hospital-based AMR surveillance an [....] » Read More
Introduction: Thoracic empyema is a disease of significant morbidity and mortality, especially in the developing countries like India where tuberculosis remains a common cause. We performed a prospective study over 3 years with the objective of comparing the aetiology, clinical [....] » Read More
Introduction Malnutrition prevalence among the under-five children in Chennai, Tamilnadu state, India is higher than the state (Tamilnadu) average. The Poshan Abhiyaan program insists on growth monitoring to reduce the prevalence of malnutrition. We described malnutrition among [....] » Read More
Background: Acute febrile illness (AFI) is a major public health challenge in tropical and subtropical regions, particularly during monsoon seasons when vector-borne diseases such as dengue, malaria, and scrub typhus increase. During August-September 2022, an unusual cluster of [....] » Read More
Introduction Universal health coverage can be achieved effectively through public health insurance. In India, only around 37% of the population had been covered under health insurance. In Tamilnadu state of India, public health insurance was initiated in 2012 to facilitate [....] » Read More
Introduction Around 1 million deaths were due to diarrhoeal diseases globally in 2021. On June 13th, 2024, Kanchipuram District Government Hospital reported two cases of gastroenteritis to the district surveillance unit. Again 50 cases were reported on June 16th, 2024. All cases [....] » Read More
Introduction Universal health coverage can reduce the child mortality rate significantly. Universal health coverage can be achieved through public health insurance. Public health insurance was initiated by the Government of Tamilnadu in 2012 under the name of the Chief Minister& [....] » Read More
The prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV is one of the most needed public health interventions. Effective implementation of PMTCT services will reduce paediatric HIV infections and improve maternal and child health outcomes. This presentation examines the int [....] » Read More
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common, though poorly understood, group of diseases affecting a globally large population. Unlike acute rhinosinusitis (ARS), which can be clearly linked to pathogenic bacteria, the causes of CRS are not as straightforward. Recent studies concern [....] » Read More
Introduction The International Early Psychosis Association insists on early treatment for mental illness to achieve a better outcome. Institute of Mental Health (IMH), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, offers tertiary care for mentally ill patients. Identifying the reasons for delayed [....] » Read More
Cryptococcosis, a fungal infection, represents a significant and potentially life-threatening condition primarily seen in individuals with compromised immune systems worldwide. The presence of pleural effusion as the sole clinical manifestation is one of the rarest clinical prese [....] » Read More
Climate changes and habitats are the major factors affecting the distribution of ticks. The objective of this study was to establish the seasonal abundance and species composition of ixodid ticks under different habitats. Adult ticks were collected using an unsharpened forceps fr [....] » Read More
Introduction: Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP), a major symptom of poliomyelitis, is caused by the poliovirus. According to the WHO, in 2022, 21,143 cases of AFP were reported worldwide, with 30 cases (%) of wild poliovirus (WPV1) and 828 cases (%) of vaccine-derived poliovirus (cV [....] » Read More
Background: Despite the presence of antibacterial agents for urinary tract infection treatment, most of the uropathogenic bacteria reveal multi-drug resistance. Health and economic loss due to these represent a rising burden worldwide which necessitates serious action at regiona [....] » Read More
Background: MTBC genotyping improved the understanding of transmission dynamics and is used to support or refute transmission assumptions between epidemiologically linked cases. This study aimed to investigate genomic diversity, transmission dynamics and drug resistance mutation [....] » Read More
Background Tanzania initially refused COVID-19 vaccinations, questioning their validity. As a result, by January 2022, one year after the WHO approval for the use of the COVID-19 vaccine, only 2.8% of the target population aged 18 and older had been vaccinated nationwide. Howeve [....] » Read More
Viral diseases remain the leading cause of death due to infectious agent globally. One of the global public health threats of international concern is the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) of w [....] » Read More
SYN023 is a mixture of two anti-rabies humanized monoclonal IgG1κ antibodies which bind to distinct and non-overlapping antigenic sites on the rabies virus glycoprotein. A Phase 2b and a Phase 3 randomized double-blinded trials were conducted to demonstrate the safety [....] » Read More
Introduction Bloodstream infection (BSI) is a common problem for patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Nearly 60% of primary bloodstream infections are caused by gram-positive cocci. Gram-positive bacteria gain access to the bloodstream through invasive procedures and vario [....] » Read More
WHO recommended multi-drug therapy (MDT) in leprosy has proven effective; BUT challenges like treatment adherence, drug resistance, dapsone/ clofazimine bacteriostatic actions/side effects persist. Grosset et al (1) suggested that PMM regimen consisting of Rifapentine, Minocyclin [....] » Read More
Introduction: Foodborne illnesses, also known as foodborne diseases, are infections or intoxications caused by consuming contaminated food or beverages. This study aims to find the prevalence of diarrhoeal cases and deaths associated with food-borne illnesses in India. Method [....] » Read More
Background: Increasing numbers of hospital acquired infections are presenting a global threat to human health as the number of deaths annually attributed to antimicrobial resistance are rising exponentially while our antibiotic treatment options are dwindling. In light of increa [....] » Read More
Increasing disinfectant-resistance has caused multidrug-resistant microorganisms to be left behind on surfaces, leaving hospital inanimate surfaces visibly clean but microbially contaminated and thus, disease transmission is inevitable. The advancement of sequencing technology re [....] » Read More
Introduction: Cervical cancer (UCC) is a significant public health concern. In 2022, it was the eighth most common cancer worldwide, with an incidence rate of 14.1 per 100,000 women. In Côte d'Ivoire, it was the third most common cancer, accounting for 11.1% of all can [....] » Read More
Introduction: In March 2020, Ivory Coast recorded its first case of Covid-19. First, located in Abidjan, in the economic capital, the disease gradually spread within the country, affecting almost all health districts, thus testing the entire surveillance system. However, until O [....] » Read More
Background: According to the WHO, the maternal mortality ratio (MMR) is 216 per hundred thousand live births. In Côte d'Ivoire, the MMR is estimated at 385 deaths per hundred thousand live births, leading to the strengthening of the country's strategic plan [....] » Read More
Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a high-priority zoonotic disease characterized by massive loss of livestock within a short time of its outbreak. The disease is endemic in sub-Saharan Africa and mainly spread via infected female Aedes and culex genera of mosquitoes. Due to climate chan [....] » Read More
Background: Malaria is a devastating infectious disease caused by Plasmodium species. It is the major public health problem in low-income countries like Ethiopia. Despite extensive interventions to attain the 2030 malaria elimination goals, there is limited data on the treatment [....] » Read More
Background: Malaria is an important public health issue in Ethiopia. Accurate malaria diagnosis plays a vital role in effective treatment. However, there is limited data on the diagnostic accuracy of the newly introduced rapid diagnostic test (LDH-based RDT) and existing diagno [....] » Read More
Malaria remains a major public health challenge in Cameroon, with Plasmodium falciparum as the predominant species. Understanding parasite genetic diversity is critical for advancing vaccine development and malaria control efforts. This study analyzed 350 clinical isolates, focus [....] » Read More
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) remains a critical global health challenge, contributing to the persistence and spread of infectious diseases. This study examines the genetic and biochemical mechanisms driving AMR in emerging microbial pathogens, with a focus on multidrug-resistan [....] » Read More
Dermatophytoses, commonly known as ringworm, are among the most prevalent superficial fungal infections globally. Recently, a novel strain, Trichophyton indotineae, has emerged as a significant dermatological threat due to its resistance to first-line antifungal agents, particula [....] » Read More
Antenatal care (ANC) participation is critical for HIV testing and antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation to prevent mother-to-child transmission (MTCT), yet significant disparities persist across African nations with high HIV prevalence. With new threats to funding for broad HI [....] » Read More
In recent years, remarkable progress has been made toward achieving the UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets for diagnosing, treating, and achieving viral suppression in individuals living with HIV. While African nations with historically high HIV prevalence have shown substantial gains, disp [....] » Read More
Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) present significant management challenges, especially when caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, due to the limited availability of effective oral and intravenous (IV) antibiotics. Patients with these infections often undergo mult [....] » Read More
Parasitic nematodes are major pathogens of humans, animals, and plants, contributing to global health challenges and substantial agricultural losses. Fatty acid- and retinol-binding proteins (FARs), secreted by parasitic nematodes, are believed to play key roles in host–pat [....] » Read More
Background: Lactococcus garvieae, a Gram-positive Lactococcus, is an emerging zoonotic pathogen primarily associated with fish infections but increasingly recognized in human disease. We present a rare case of infective endocarditis caused by L. garvieae with unusual pulmonic va [....] » Read More
Introduction: Mycobacterium abscessus complex is a group of fast growing, multidrug resistant mycobacteria that are clinically challenging to treat given rapid progression and antibiotic resistance patterns of this group. Treatment for this group requires a multidrug regimen for [....] » Read More
Introduction: Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) is a common cause of significant morbidity in women in all strata of society affecting millions of women worldwide. Considerable progress has been made in understanding risk factors that determine susceptibility to RVVC, p [....] » Read More
Free-living animals are an important environmental reservoir of the pathogens dangerous for other animal species and humans. One of those is Yersinia (Y.) enterocolitica, the causative agent of yersiniosis – foodborne, enzootic disease, significant for public health. Y. ent [....] » Read More
Background: Amyloidosis is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterised by extracellular deposition of misfolded protein fibrils in various organs, leading to progressive dysfunction. The two most clinically important forms are AL amyloidosis, associated with monoclonal plas [....] » Read More
Introduction: Syphilis, often considered “the Great Imitator”, due to its frequent atypical presentation with clinical phenotypes ranging from meningitis, meningovascular syphilis with strokes and in advanced stages as “general paralysis of the insane” to [....] » Read More
The scientific world believes that microbial correction of microbiota in patients with extrapulmonary forms, including tuberculosis of bones and joints, is important not only for studying the state of health. Now scientists are sure that microbes are important for the treatment o [....] » Read More
Background: West Africa faces significant challenges with mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections. Despite this burden, MTCT of these infections can be effectively prevented with straightforward interventions. The World Health [....] » Read More
The interferon (IFN) system is a central component of the innate immune response to viral infection. Viral invasion triggers both antiviral and inflammatory pathways that establish host protection. While early inflammation is beneficial, excessive inflammatory responses—suc [....] » Read More
Changes in temperature, rainfall and humidity due to climate change affect mosquito-borne disease transmission. However, coastal areas worldwide are also influenced by the expansion of brackish water mosquito habitats as a result of global warming leading to higher sea levels and [....] » Read More
Acinetobacter baumannii has evolved over years as a predominant nosocomial pathogen in ICUs especially associated with VAPs and subsequent blood stream Infections. In the present work we have tried to observe genetic make-up of A.baumannii isolates for virulence factors and their [....] » Read More
The current epidemic of visceral leishmaniasis (VL, kala-azar) in India started in early 1970s and in the late 1990s, it became apparent that there is widespread SbV resistance with its cure rate nose-diving to 35%. There was an urgent need for alternative treatments. In 2002, mi [....] » Read More
The mechanistic relationship between the methylation process of the vitamin D gene and its impact on the vitamin D levels and COVID-19 infection severity remains a subject of ongoing investigation. However, lack of vaccine and targeted treatment in initial phase of pandemic has s [....] » Read More
Introduction: HHV6 is a herpesvirus ubiquitous in children known to cause Roseola Infantum. Congenital HHV6 infection is possible through germline passage of the chromosomally integrated HHV-6 DNA from a parent (ciHHV6). Less commonly, it occurs through transplacental transmissi [....] » Read More
The mental health welfare of nurses and midwives is an urgent need that requires institutional support for professionals. Recent studies show the connection between SN and Covid 19 damages. This is the project of my PhD topic and the first study, on the impact of the mental healt [....] » Read More
Chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by lowplatelet counts due to increased destruction and impaired production. A 24-year-old male fromKashmir presented with bleeding gums, nosebleeds, petechiae, and oral ulcers. Initial evalu [....] » Read More
The continuing pandemics of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) underscore the urgent need for the development of anti-pan-coronavirus drugs that can target emerging coronaviruses and the [....] » Read More
According to the spirit of international sepsis guidelines and clinical practice in China, we explored the rapid diagnosis and treatment ideas and strategies of different pathogenic infections in ICU to shorten the diagnosis time and improve the rescue efficiency. Taking Gram-pos [....] » Read More
Chromobacterium violaceum (C. violaceum) is a gram-negative and facultative anaerobic bacillus that is widespread in the soil and water in tropical and subtropical regions. Knowledge of the pathogenesis of C. violaceum has increased over the decades since the first case of human [....] » Read More
Background: After the outbreak of Coronavirus in Wuhan, Hubei, in 2019, the disease rapidly spread to other parts of China as well as outside of China. Since the pandemic outbreak, the general public has been responsive to the national call to stay at home in quarantine. However [....] » Read More
Sepsis and Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) are two critical and life-threatening conditions that often share overlapping clinical features, leading to diagnostic challenges. However, their underlying pathophysiology and treatment approaches differ significantly, making a [....] » Read More
Infection by Nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) is considered a zoonotic food poisoning of animal and poultry origin.NTS gastroenteritis is a major cause of diarrheal illness worldwide, which is usually self-limiting. NTS can also cause extraintestinal manifestations and serious compl [....] » Read More
Bacterial identification is essential for effective patient care, particularly in critical care settings with common severe infections. In most Indian laboratory settings, the VITEK 2 system is widely utilized for identifying clinical isolates and antimicrobial susceptibility tes [....] » Read More
Klebsiella pneumoniae is the most common pathogen causing nosocomial infections owing to their potent virulence factors Viz. capsule, Fimbriae, siderophores, Efflux pump, regulatory secretions & secretory system. Since most of the nosocomial K. pneumoniae infections are MDR/X [....] » Read More
Introduction Aortobifemoral (ABF) bypass grafting is a standard surgical approach for severe aortoiliac occlusive disease, though vascular graft infections (VGIs) remain a serious, albeit rare, complication. VGI can lead to life-threatening outcomes such as sepsis and fistula fo [....] » Read More
Background: Syphilis, a sexually transmitted infection caused by Treponema pallidum, remains a diagnostic challenge due to its diverse clinical presentations and ability to mimic various infectious and malignant conditions. In immunocompromised patients, particularly those with [....] » Read More
Background: SARS-CoV-2 displays distinct characteristics in terms of virulence and disease severity in pediatric population. Hence, patient’s clinical profile and viral genome may contribute to patient’s symptoms and disease severity. Objectives: To determine the [....] » Read More
Introduction: Blood culture is a critical investigation for diagnosing bloodstream infections, especially in pediatric patients. At JNMCH, with over 12,000 annual blood culture requests, contamination due to improper aseptic techniques often leads to false-positive results, dia [....] » Read More
Background/Introduction: COVID-19’s pandemic has had a catastrophic global impact, with nearly one billion reported infections and seven million deaths worldwide. By the middle 2020, several studies described the so-called long COVID syndrome as an emerging and prevalent s [....] » Read More
Introduction: Infectious spondylodiscitis, despite its rarity, represents a serious condition, mainly due to the risk of neurological complications. Rapid identification of the pathogen is essential for effective treatment, but in the absence of a microbiological diagnosis, a co [....] » Read More
Background: Gonococcal infection is the most common sexually transmitted infection, affecting 82.4 million new adult cases each year. Early detection, treatment, and regular monitoring of antimicrobial resistance Neisseria gonorrhoeae are essential requirement to combat infectio [....] » Read More
Developing effective insecticides is crucial to the global fight against vector-borne diseases, epidemics, and pandemics. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), a serine hydrolase responsible for regulating acetylcholine levels in various organisms, is one of the most common targets of syn [....] » Read More
Background: Disseminated cryptococcosis is typically associated with immunocompromised states but can rarely affect immunocompetent individuals, leading to diagnostic delays and increased morbidity. Prompt recognition and treatment are essential for survival. Case Prese [....] » Read More
It is broadly acknowledged that IgG antibody levels tend to decline over time, particularly around six months after the second vaccine dose. Emerging data also indicate that individuals previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 often develop a stronger and more sustained immune respons [....] » Read More
Malaria control programs would be greatly facilitated by developing new tools for rapidly assessing malaria transmission intensity. In malaria-endemic areas like Burkina Faso, human populations are frequently exposed to immunomodulatory salivary components injected during mosquit [....] » Read More
The use of high-flow nasal therapy (HFNT) in patients with severe acute respiratory failure (SARF) due to COVID-19 pneumonia (NCOVID-19) is debated. Given the lack of beds in Intensive Care Units in the Public Health System of the Province of Neuquén, their use was impleme [....] » Read More
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused complications not only in the respiratory system but also in other areas, such as the jawbone. Disorders like osteonecrosis often result from prolonged corticosteroid use, weakened immunity, and secondary infections. Addressing these complications [....] » Read More
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Title : Binding and activation of fibrinolytic components to group A streptococcus pyogenes enhances microbial pathogenicity
Francis J Castellino, University of Notre Dame, United States
Binding and activation of components of the human fibrinolytic system enhances the pathogenicity of Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS) by allowing a potent serine protease, human plasmin (hPm) to be present on the surface of these cells. The major receptors of hPg and hPm on these cell [....] » Read More
Title : Global clinical impact of the burden of antibiotic resistance
Reza Nassiri, Michigan State University, United States
Antibiotics are the foundation of modern medicine. Antibiotic resistance (ABR) leads to unintended consequences including suboptimal therapeutic outcomes, increased morbidity and mortality, longer hospital stays, and higher healthcare costs. ABR is a global public health challeng [....] » Read More
Title : Unveiling the uncommon pathogenesis of streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies pasteurianus bacteremia and its link to gastric pathology
Pawandeep Kaur, Hamilton Medical Center, United States
Background While Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus has a well-known association with colorectal cancer, an epidemiological association between S. gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus and hepatobiliary diseases has been suggested. Herein, we present a unique case of S. g [....] » Read More
Title : Water quality and intestinal health: Assessment of access to treated water and the prevalence of endoparasitosis in Manacapuru, interior of the Amazon region
Matheus de Oliveira Nogueira, AFYA Faculty of Medical Sciences, Brazil
Background: Parasitic infections persist as a global public health challenge, with the Brazilian Amazon region showing an alarmingly high prevalence of cases. This situation is particularly critical in the interior areas of Amazonas state, where the precariousness of basic sanit [....] » Read More
Title : A rare encounter: Disseminated nocardiosis following myasthenia gravis treatment
Deepak Jacob, St John's Medical College, India
Nocardiosis is an uncommon opportunistic infection caused by filamentous Gram-positive bacteria of the genus Nocardia, predominantly affecting immunocompromised hosts. Immunosuppressive therapy, such as Rituximab, significantly increases susceptibility to such infections . Myasth [....] » Read More
Title : Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) value a good indicator, to predict mortality in sepsis
Ahmed Hassan Javed, Khawaja. M. Safdar Medical College, Pakistan
Background: Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that occur due to an uncontrolled immune response to infectious agents in the body, potentially leading to functional failure in various organs. It is critical to identify patients at high risk of mortality due to sepsis and sho [....] » Read More
Title : Dengue fever: Viral, environmental, and human factors driving expansion and pandemic risk
Mohsen Nakhaie, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Dengue fever (DF), caused by the dengue virus (DENV), is the fastest-spreading mosquito-borne viral disease globally and presents significant public health challenges. This comprehensive review explores the multifaceted factors influencing DENV expansion and control. We examine v [....] » Read More
Title : The correlation between Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection and Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis (EV) disorder: A systematic review and meta-analyses
Arezoo Esmaeili, Azad University, Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Background and Objective: Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by abnormal susceptibility to various types of human papillomavirus (HPV), leading to widespread verrucous lesions and an increased risk of skin malignancies. The correlation [....] » Read More
Title : Evaluating the efficacy of peptide-based vaccines in cancer treatment: A systematic review
Arezoo Esmaeili, Azad University, Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Background and Aim: Peptide-based vaccines have emerged as a promising approach in cancer immunotherapy, harnessing the immune system to target tumor-associated antigens. However, the efficacy and utility of these vaccines in different types of cancer require comprehensive evalu [....] » Read More
Title : Bacteria or kidney stones: Which came first?
Niranjan Nayak, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Nepal
Background Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) due to Salmonella Typhi is uncommon, though there are scanty reports of bacteriuria caused by nontyphoidal Salmonellae and other gram negative bacilli. However, cases of bacteriuria with UTI due to nontyphoidal Salmonellae were more freq [....] » Read More
Title : Missed opportunities in mpox surveillance in Lukulu district, Zambia (February 2025): Implications for outbreak response
Peggy Buumba Bubala, University of Zambia, Zambia
Introduction: Mpox, a zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus, has historically been confined to Central and West Africa. However, the emergence of cases in Zambia highlights critical weaknesses in the country’s disease surveillance system. A recent outbreak i [....] » Read More
Title : Mpox case investigation in Chitambo district, Zambia: Lessons from the first reported case in 2024
Daliso Ngulube, Zambia National Public Health Institute, Zambia
Background: Mpox is a viral zoonotic disease with significant public health impact, especially in Africa. In October 2024, Zambia reported its first confirmed Mpox case in Chitambo district involving a foreign truck driver with suspected occupational and cross-border exposure. W [....] » Read More
Title : Analysis of measles surveillance data from the regional health center of excellence in man, Ivory Coast, January 2014 to June 2024
Diomande Jean Louty, Ministere De La Sante, Cote d'Ivoire
Introduction: Measles is a contagious viral disease that causes numerous deaths among young children worldwide, particularly in low-income countries, including Côte d’Ivoire, despite the availability of a safe and effective vaccine. The lack of surveillance data anal [....] » Read More
Title : Magnesium sulfate as an alternative treatment in acute organophosphate poisoning: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Oscar Inacio de Mendonca Bisneto, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande - UFCG/CZ, Brazil
Introduction: Organophosphate (OP) poisonings represent a serious medical emergency requiring immediate intervention. The conventional treatment involves administration of atropine. However, studies suggest that magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) could be a promising alternative treatmen [....] » Read More
Title : A rare case of ocular syphilis: Bilateral chorioretinitis and the importance of early diagnosis and treatment
Anmol Grewal, Abrazo Health, United States
Ocular syphilis is a rare but significant manifestation of syphilis that can occur at any stage of the disease, often presenting with diverse clinical features such as uveitis, optic neuropathy, or retinal vasculitis, and in severe cases, may lead to permanent blindness. The inci [....] » Read More
Title : A case of aortic root abscess and repeated prosthetic aortic valve dehiscence in the setting of rare infection with Cellulosimicrobium cellulans and Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum
Nikolas Minanov, Wayne State University School of Medicine, United States
Cellulosimicrobium cellulans and Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum are commensal skin flora that rarely cause human infection. Due to their ubiquitous nature, blood and tissue cultures identifying these organisms are regularly dismissed as contaminants, delaying appropriate anti [....] » Read More
Title : Clostridium difficile bacteremia in a case of acute appendicitis
Pawandeep Kaur, Hamilton Medical Center, United States
Background Clostridium difficile is the principal agent of nosocomial diarrhea. C. difficile is not intrinsically invasive and rarely infects extraintestinal sites. The bacterium, therefore, is not commonly detected in blood cultures. Herein, we report a case of C. difficile bac [....] » Read More
Title : A rare presentation of Acinetobacter baumannii hospital-acquired pneumonia post-liposuction in a previously healthy patient
Dan Erdman, Larkin Community Hospital, United States
A common complication of post-surgical procedures is the development of hospital-acquired pneumonia, typically occurring 72 hours after hospital admission. Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is among the most prevalent healthcare-associated diseases. One causal organism of HAP is [....] » Read More
Title : A rare polymicrobial bloodstream infection in end-stage renal disease: Enterobacter cloacae, and dual achromobacter species in a hemodialysis patient
Nicole Sonia Northover, American University of the Caribbean, United States
Bloodstream infections are a major source of morbidity and mortality among patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis, particularly when caused by uncommon and multidrug-resistant organisms. Achromobacter xylosoxidans and Achromobacter denitrificans are rare env [....] » Read More
Title : Uncommon complications of invasive streptococcus pneumoniae post dental care
Ali Ejaz, Cleveland Clinic Akron General, United States
The gram-positive cocci S. pneumoniae, is the most common cause of pneumonia, with more than 500,000 cases reported each year in the United States (US). Rarely, S. pneumoniae may present as an invasive infection with a reported incidence of 8.6 cases per 100,000 people in the US. [....] » Read More
Title : STI testing among adolescents at higher-risk using 2021 adolescent behaviors and experiences survey
Riddhi Patel, Lambert High school, United States
Background: This study aims to evaluate Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) testing among the high school students who reported substance abuse and high-risk sexual behavior. Studies have shown associations between STI’s, high-risk sexual behaviors, and substance abuse a [....] » Read More
Title : Cysticercosis/T. solium taeniasis, a potential public health concern in non-endemic country, Kuwait: A new diagnostic method to screen T. solium taeniasis carriers among the expatriate population
Jamshaid Iqbal, Kuwait University, Kuwait
Objective: Kuwait is non-endemic for Taenia solium infection due to strict restriction on pig-farming and pork consumption however, several cases of cysticercosis and neurocysticercosis were detected among Kuwaiti nationals with no history of travel to endemic countries. Infecte [....] » Read More
Title : The outcomes of cryptococcal disease in HIV-positive individuals following COVID-19 infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Hannah Ghazi Abid, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia
Cryptococcal disease is considered a major cause of morbidity in individuals with HIV in resource-limited settings. The long-term effects of COVID-19 and cryptococcal coinfection among PLWHIV have not been thoroughly investigated. This study examined the incidence of cryptococcos [....] » Read More
Title : Asymptomatic nasopharyngeal carriage of Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae in adults and children: National multi-centric cross-sectional pilot study
Abdullah Al Busaidi, Ministry of Health, Oman
Introduction: Invasive diseases caused by Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae are major public health problem worldwide. Nasopharyngeal carriage rate depends on multiple risk factors. National carriage study is crucial for vaccination implant [....] » Read More
Title : MDR pseudomonas prosthetic valve endocarditis successfully treated with ceftazidime-avibactam, meropenem and colistin combination
Abdullah Al Busaidi, Ministry of Health, Oman
Introduction: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an uncommon cause of infective endocarditis (IE), accounting for less than 1% of cases, and an extremely rare cause of prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE). Instances involving multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates are exceedingly rare, with o [....] » Read More
Title : Comorbidity profiles and their impact on treatment outcomes in elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis: A single-center retrospective cohort study
Yinping Feng, Lishui Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
Background: This study aims to characterize comorbidity distribution patterns and assess their clinical impact on therapeutic effectiveness in elderly pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients, establishing an evidence base for risk-stratified clinical decision-making. Methods: [....] » Read More
Title : Development of LAMP kit for rapid pathogen detection in neonatal sepsis
Mousumi Meghamala Nayak, KIIT school of Biotechnology, India
Delayed detection and treatment of sepsis in newborns (neonatal sepsis) is one of the leading causes of high infant mortality rates in India. We are developing a cost-effective LAMP based amplification kit that can be used for early diagnosis of bacterial infection that causes se [....] » Read More
Title : Genetic diversity and drug resistance mutations in HIV-1 pol gene sequences in the Philippines: A retrospective genomic analysis
Jennifer Ashley Hila Reyes, University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines
The Philippines has experienced a significant increase in HIV-1 infections in recent years, with a growing epidemic driven by the CRF01_AE strain. Understanding the genetic diversity of HIV-1 in the Philippines is crucial for the development of effective treatment strategies and [....] » Read More
Title : Surgical site infection pre and post COVID-19-related hygiene protocols in gynaecological oncology: Is there a difference in prevalence and severity at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital?
Succes Brege Albert Bouangui Bazolana, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa
Introduction: Surgical site infection is common in gynaecological oncology surgery worldwide. It constitutes a burden to patients and to the healthcare system. The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a lockdown across the globe to minimise human contact, therefore curbing the spread o [....] » Read More
Title : Measles outbreak linked to vaccine hesitancy among children and adults in Kasumbalesa, Chililabombwe district, Zambia (December 2024-February 2025)
Clacious Chandwa, Levy Mwanawasa Medical University, Zambia
Introduction Measles, caused by measles virus which belongs to the paramyxoviridae family, remains a global public health problem, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Zambia continues to experience sporadic measles outbreaks, especially among anti-vaccination groups and in high- [....] » Read More
Title : The effect of coronavirus on vascular endothelial cells
Dolgormaa Janchivlamdan, De Montfort Universuty, United Kingdom
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can cause potentially life-threatening coronavirus disease (COVID-19). COVID-19 is a multisystem disease and is associated with significant respiratory distress, systemic hyperinflammation, vasculitis, and mul [....] » Read More