Title : Prevalence of diarrhoeal cases and deaths associated with food-borne illnesses in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract:

Introduction:
Foodborne illnesses, also known as foodborne diseases, are infections or intoxications caused by consuming contaminated food or beverages. This study aims to find the prevalence of diarrhoeal cases and deaths associated with food-borne illnesses in India.

Methodology:
Search was performed on PubMed platform, Google Scholar, Embase, Cochrane library, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase to find relevant papers published in the past ten years (2011–2022). Sensitivity analysis and Quality analysis was also performed. The pooled prevalence was reported with effect size and considering the random effect model and quality effect model. A subgroup analysis was also performed based on the regions and age group

Results:
The prevalence of diarrhoeal cases due to food-borne illnesses in India was found to be 18%. The prevalence in North Eastern region was 22%, Eastern region was 20%, Southern region was 18%, Western region was 16%. and Northern region was 13%. Among the age group, prevalence was 34% for 5-10 years, 22% for under 5, 13% for 20-60 years, 14% for 10-19 years, and 10% for more than 60 years.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of diarrhoea is still on a higher side in India. Although programmes like Intensified diarrhoea control fortnight are running, but interventions and awareness ensuring intake of safe food and water is necessary.

Keywords: Diarrhoea, Foodborne illnesses, Meta-analysis, Prevalence, Systematic review