Urinary Tract Infections

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are common Bacterial Infections that can affect any part of the urinary system, including the kidneys, bladder, ureters, and urethra. The majority of UTIs are caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli), a bacterium normally found in the gastrointestinal tract. UTIs can also be caused by other bacteria such as Klebsiella, Proteus, and Enterococcus. The risk factors for UTIs include female anatomy, sexual activity, urinary tract abnormalities, catheter use, and conditions that suppress the immune system. Symptoms of UTIs can vary but often include a frequent urge to urinate, pain or burning during urination, cloudy or strong-smelling urine, and lower abdominal pain. In severe cases, UTIs can lead to complications such as kidney infections, necessitating prompt medical attention. Diagnosis typically involves a urinalysis and, in some cases, a urine culture to identify the specific bacteria causing the infection. Treatment for UTIs usually involves a course of antibiotics, selected based on the type of bacteria involved and its susceptibility to specific medications. Drinking plenty of water and maintaining good hygiene practices can also aid in UTI prevention. Recurrent UTIs may require further evaluation to identify contributing factors and develop a tailored management plan.

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