One of the growing concerns in Shigella infections is the emergence of Antibiotic Resistance. Shigella strains, particularly Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnei, have shown resistance to commonly used antibiotics, complicating treatment efforts. This resistance underscores the need for surveillance, judicious antibiotic use, and the development of alternative treatment strategies. Research on Shigella infections focuses on understanding the molecular mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance, virulence factors, and host-pathogen interactions. Efforts are underway to identify new drug targets and develop vaccines that provide broad protection against multiple Shigella species. The challenges lie in the genetic diversity of Shigella and the complex nature of the immune response, necessitating comprehensive approaches to combat the bacteria effectively. In addition to antibiotic treatment, rehydration therapy is crucial in managing shigellosis, especially in resource-limited settings. Oral rehydration solutions help replace lost fluids and electrolytes, reducing the severity of dehydration. Ongoing global collaborations in research, surveillance, and public health interventions are essential for addressing the complex challenges associated with Shigella infections and improving the outcomes for affected populations.