7th Edition of
October 24-26, 2024 | Baltimore, MD, USA
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an enveloped RNA beta-coronavirus virus that is corona viridae-related. It originated in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and is known to cause COVID-19 illness. SARS-CoV-2posed a major threat to the world in concern of [....] » Read More
Brain abscess is a localized collection of pus within the brain tissue. It is a rare condition and approximately 1500-2000 cases are presented annually in the United States. The patients with immunocompromised state have a higher incidence of acquiring brain abscess. The most fre [....] » Read More
The SARS-CoV-2 virus was first detected in Wuhan China in 2019. The virus rapidly dissipated to various continents leading to a global pandemic by acquiring rapid mutations in different regions of the viral genome including the highly studied spike protein. The mutation rate of t [....] » Read More
The type I interferon (IFN) system is a potent host innate defense mechanism against viral pathogens. Activation of this pathway occurs upon engagement of IFN with the host IFN alpha receptors 1 and 2 (IFNAR1/2), resulting in activation of > 300 interferon stimulated genes (IS [....] » Read More
Background: Histoplasmosis is considered a rare disease following immunosuppression in an allogeneic bone marrow transplant patient or a solid organ transplant patient, even in hyper-endemic areas, with an incidence of ≤ 1%. The majority of cases occur within the first two yea [....] » Read More
Introduction: The Coronavirus disease COVID-19 pandemic stretched the global health care system to its maximum limits. There is significant overlap between Coronavirus disease and Influenza A with similar modes of transmission and symptoms. This study was undertaken to estimate t [....] » Read More
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) are important causes of acute viral hepatitis (AVH) and acute liver failure (ALF). Due to the paucity of data, the exact burden of the disease is not established. Objective: Considering this background, the present study aims [....] » Read More
Sepsis, a severe and often fatal condition, has long evaded effective treatment strategies. For over 16 years, our research has been at the forefront of investigating histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors (HDACIs) as a novel approach in sepsis management. We are excited to share [....] » Read More
Male infertility, an intricate interplay of genetic, anatomical, and environmental factors, underscores the notable influence of urogenital infections. Azoospermia, a multifactorial disorder characterized by absence of sperm in seminal plasma, silently challenges reproductive hea [....] » Read More
Despite promising advancements in drug Research and Development (R&D), the transition from preclinical studies to clinical success remains challenging, particularly in oncology where the success rate is only about 5%. This talk provides an insightful analysis of the challenge [....] » Read More
The incidence and range of infections associated with water and wastewater related to healthcare premises is increasing, with significant increased costs, length of patient stays and antibiotic use to healthcare organisations and the families affected. Whilst the deve [....] » Read More
The benefits conferred by recent scientific discoveries, e.g. new chemotherapeutics, monoclonal antibodies for diagnosis and treatment, recombinant protein antigens for diagnosis, and vaccines for infectious diseases like COVID-19, dengue and malaria, are widely appreciated. Howe [....] » Read More
Nanomedicine has already provided dozens of FDA approved products improving the lives of billions. Most notably, nanomaterials have been used to develop vaccines for COVID, improved spinal implants, developed anti-infection materials without using antibiotics, and fabricated nume [....] » Read More
Raccoon dog parvovirus (RDPV) is a highly contagious viral pathogen that causes acute and often fatal hemorrhagic enteritis, particularly in young raccoon dogs. Since 2016, epidemiological studies have reported frequent outbreaks of RDPV with increased virulence, yet the molecula [....] » Read More
During the past four years, the people all over the world have been struggling with COVID-19 and other terrible infectious disease. Fortunately, we have accumulated amounts of clinical experience in the diagnosis and treatment of unexplained pneumonia from COVID-19 that was not b [....] » Read More
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic and neglected waterborne disease caused by the pathogenic helical spirochetes. Several significant risk factors, such as climate, occupation, urbanization, and poverty, can contribute to leptospirosis in humans. Symptoms of acute-phase leptospirosis in [....] » Read More
Background: Vitamin D, recognized for its immunomodulatory effects, plays a crucial role in strengthening the body's defense mechanisms. Emerging evidence suggests that comorbidities associated with COVID-19 often exhibit lower levels of Vitamin D, predisposing them to height [....] » Read More
Introduction: Enterococci are normal human of the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, and vaginal vault. Although they are relatively a virulent, they evolved as leading cause of nosocomial bacteremia with very high fatality rate of 68% (65) In one large study of nosocomial seps [....] » Read More
This case report describes a 76-year-old male with multiple sclerosis and neurogenic bladder who presented with altered mental status and a recent history of diarrhea. Despite empiric antibiotics, fluids, and vasopressors, the patient deteriorated. Subsequently, positive Polymera [....] » Read More
In the context of a rapidly growing global population, the struggles and suffering of infertile couples deserve attention, underscoring the paradox of waning concerns about fertility. This research is based on the overlooked role of bacterial infections in female infertility. The [....] » Read More
Human Parvovirus B19 infection is responsible for a wide range of human diseases ranging from mild erythema infectiosum in immunocompetent person to fetal loss in primary infected pregnant women and aplastic anemia or lethal cytopenias in adult immunocompromised patients. A varie [....] » Read More
Background: Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by trematode worms of the genus Schistosoma. Schistosoma haematobium is primarily responsible for urogenital schistosomiasis, commonly presenting with haematuria and bladder pathology. This case highlights the diagnostic a [....] » Read More
The inefficiency of current drugs in the treatment of diseases orchestrated by bacterial resistance has been a global public health challenge. This work was therefore conducted to evaluate the microbiological quality, phytochemical and antibacterial potentials of three different [....] » Read More
Coronavirus disease (COVID- 19) is a severe infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that binds to the cells; angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. In the first severe case of COVID- 19 in Shenzhen city, we found that in [....] » Read More
Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi (Hereafter referred to as S.Typhi) is the causative agent of Typhoid. Evolution of drug resistance in S.Typhi, initially as MDR strains (Strains resistant to Chloramphenicol, Ampicillin, and co-cotrimoxazole) to resistance to Fluoroquinolones af [....] » Read More
Disseminated tuberculosis (TB) is a life-threatening condition resulting from massive hematogenous spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis leading to infection of various organ systems. It can occur in the setting of primary infection or reactivation of latent infection. Patients of [....] » Read More
Miliary histoplasmosis is an unusual presentation of pulmonary histoplasmosis and may also represent disseminated disease at onset. Immunocompromised patients remain at high risk for this rare infection - with solid organ transplant patients specifically having an incidence of &l [....] » Read More
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV co-infection remains a significant public health challenge in Botswana, with a high mortality rate among affected individuals. While standard pharmacological treatments are effective, they often fail to address the broader health and wellness [....] » Read More
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Title : The mechanisms of innate immune responses in streptococcus pyogenes pathogenicity
Francis J Castellino, University of Notre Dame, United States
A signature feature of Group A Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS) infections in humans is dysregulated hemostasis. Hemostasis is a component of the innate immune system, which also includes inflammation and complement activation, all of which attempt to eliminate the invadin [....] » Read More
Title : Immunosuppressive medications did not increase the risk of severe COVID-19 in solid organ transplant recipients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection
Albert J Eid, University of Kansas Medical Center, United States
Due to conflicting data, it remains unclear whether immunosuppressive medications increase the risk of progression to severe COVID-19 disease in Solid Organ Transplant (SOT) recipients. Most of the available outcome data does not suggest a higher mortality rate in the SOT populat [....] » Read More
Title : Next-generation proteomics for increased access to infectious disease testing for both human and animal health
Jamie Platt, Pictor Inc., United States
Global access to accurate diagnostics for infectious diseases remains a critical challenge, particularly in low-resource settings. Access to accurate, sensitive infectious disease testing, is especially important in managing population health, epidemics and pandemics that have ma [....] » Read More
Title : On a road to enhance VSV as an oncolytic agent: Deciphering the underlying mechanisms of resistance by some cancer cells
Alaa Abdelmageed Ahmed, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, United States
Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV) has been suggested for use as an oncolytic agent, due to its wide host range and its ability to suppress host antiviral responses. Conceptually, a good oncolytic agent is able to selectively kill cancer cells while sparing normal healthy ones. It [....] » Read More
Title : Blind spot: A case of ocular syphilis in a patient with HIV
Kadesh Abigail Daniels, Medical College of Georgia, United States
Ocular syphilis is a rare and potentially blinding complication of localized Treponema pallidum infection. Unlike the typical progression of syphilis through the primary, secondary, latent and tertiary stages with distinct, accompanying symptoms, ocular syphilis can occur at unpr [....] » Read More
Title : Coffee industry by-products extracts: Evaluation of the repellent effect against the R (B.) microplus tick
Rosemeire Cristina Linhari Rodrigues Pietro, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brazil
Livestock plays a crucial role in the Brazilian economy, however, the ubiquitous presence of the Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus tick represents a significant challenge, resulting in considerable economic losses. Additionally, ticks stand out as vectors of different microorga [....] » Read More
Title : Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica bacteremia: A rare case of a male with maggot-infested lower extremity wounds
Sina Hedayatpour, Methodist Dallas Medical Center, United States
Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica (W. chitiniclastica) is an emerging gram-negative bacillus rarely found in patients presenting with fly myiasis or parasitic larvae infection. Here, we present the case of a 58-year-old male who presented with W. chitiniclastica bac [....] » Read More
Title : Rare case of clostridium cadaveris in an immunocompromised patient with metastatic rectal adenocarcinoma
Prachi Bhanvadia, Ascension St Agnes, United States
Case of a 50 y/o patient with metastatic rectal adenocarcinoma on 5th line chemotherapy who presented with fever and anemia. Was found to have blood cultures positive for Clostridium cadaveris that remained positive for 10 days despite broad spectrum antibiotics. The case discuss [....] » Read More
Title : Unilateral endophthalmitis caused by streptococcus pneuemonia
Priscilla, Atlanticare Regional Medical Centre, United States
Introduction Endophthalmitis is a rare infection of the interior eye by bacteria or fungi. These infections are usually exogenous and are caused as a complication of ophthalmic procedures or penetrating ocular trauma(1) Endogenous endophthalmitis is a rare condition that [....] » Read More
Title : Hyperlactatemia in septic shock, unmasking the false notion; An intriguing case report
Mazen A Hasan, Garden City Hospital, United States
Sepsis is defined as a life-threatening dysregulated body response and systemic inflammation to an infection. Septic shock is a subset of sepsis which has cellular, metabolic, and circulatory abnormalities leading to the shift of aerobic respiration to an anaerobic pathway with r [....] » Read More
Title : Psoas abscess due to group B streptococcus presenting as diabetic ketoacidosis
Mazen A Hasan, Garden City Hospital, United States
Introduction: Psoas abscess is an uncommon infection that typically presents with fever and back pain. The most frequently identified pathogen is Staphylococcus aureus. We present a diabetic patient presenting with Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) due to a Streptococcus agalactiae pso [....] » Read More
Title : Structural deformations in the superior tubular of the hypothalamus and their impact of autoimmune antibody production: A study of long COVID patients
Christof Peter Ziaja, UKE Neuroradiology and Institut of Stress and Fatigue Prof Stark, Germany
Post/Long COVID is a complex multisystemic post-viral syndrome characterized by heterogeneous symptoms, potentially associated with viral or immune-mediated disruption. The superior tubular of the Hypothalamus, responsible for the Immune response and control, plays a pivotal role [....] » Read More
Title : To study the bacteriological episodes of urinary tract infection in different age group with relation to gender
Shikha, GNA University, India
A urinary tract infection is a condition in which one or more parts of the urinary system (kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra) become infected. Urinary tract infection may be defined as the presence of bacteria undergoing multiplication in urine within the urinary drainage sy [....] » Read More
Title : BacLI: A potential antibacterial agent against hospital-acquired lung infection
Sabiha Imran, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research & Studies, India
Hospital-acquired infections are infections that are not present at the time of admission to a hospital and thus include ventilator-associated pneumonia, hospital-acquired pneumonia, etc. Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP), also known as nosocomial pneumonia, is a lower respi [....] » Read More
Title : Anti-streptococcus mutans, anti-adherence and anti-acidogenic activity of uvaria chamae P beauv
Zandiswa M Gulube, University of Witwatersrand, South Africa
Dental caries is the most prevalent oral infection resulting from accumulation and multiplication of bacteria in the oral cavity. It is caused by demineralisation of the tooth due to the acids produced by Streptococcus mutans from fermentable carbohydrates. Pathogenic characteris [....] » Read More
Title : Prevalence and molecular detection of West Nile Virus (WNV) among renal transplant patients in Khartoum state, Sudan
Ala Omer Abdelaziz Mohamed, Al Neelain University, Qatar
Background: West Nile virus (WNV) is an arbovirus from the Flaviviridae family. West Nile now represents one of the most common arboviral diseases worldwide that causes febrile illness. Also, significant number of patients develop severe neurological disease including meningitis, [....] » Read More
Title : Pathoblockers: A novel anti-virulence approach to combat bacterial infections by targeting cholesterol-dependent cytolysins
Umer Bin Abdul Aziz, Freie Universitat Berlin, Germany
Cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (CDC), a protein family of analogous pore-forming toxins that bind to cholesterol-rich membranes and exacerbate infections through diverse mechanisms, including direct toxicity and immune evasion. CDC are major source of virulence in various gram- [....] » Read More
Title : Genome-wide identification and functional analysis of dysregulated alternative splicing profiles in sepsis
Baihetinisha Tuerdi, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, China
Background: An increasing body of evidence now shows that the long-term mortality of patients with sepsis are associated with various sepsis-related immune cell defects. Alternative splicing (AS), as a sepsis-related immune cell defect, is considered as a potential immunomo [....] » Read More
Title : Epidemiological situation of 2023 dengue fever outbreaks in ECOWAS region: Implications for strengthening preparedness and response
Aishat Bukola Usman, West African Health Organization, Nigeria
Introduction: The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) experienced a significant surge in Dengue Fever (DF) outbreaks in 2023, posing new important challenges to public health systems. This paper reviewed the epidemiological situation during the outbreaks and highli [....] » Read More