Babesiosis is a worldwide tick-borne disease with an increasing incidence in North America. Several species of apicomplexan Babesia parasites, including B. microti and B. duncani, cause human babesiosis. Babesiosis exhibits many non-specific clinical manifestations. Direct a [....] » Read More
Bloodstream infections due to bacteria are a highly consequential nosocomial occurrences and the organisms responsible for them are usually multidrug-resistant. The aims of this study were to describe the incidence of bacteremia caused by Gram-negative ESKAPE bacilli during the C [....] » Read More
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly infectious RNA virus that was first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. It is the pathogen responsible for the present coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. A large number of genetic var [....] » Read More
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), also known as ‘kala azar,’ is the most severe form of leishmaniasis, caused by Leishmania donovani in the Indian subcontinent and transmitted by the Phlebotomous sand flies. The disease is almost always fatal if left untreated. The clinica [....] » Read More
Every virus is a parasite that cannot exist on its own and is fully dependent on its carrier. The parasite must have its host, and thus is a living cell. Based on the obtained results, it can be assumed that the following could be the most suitable carriers of the virus: b [....] » Read More
Neglected Tropical Disease (NTDs) is a group of different infectious diseases in their spread, epidemiology, outcome and control. Combined with being the most common disease worldwide, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that billions of people and the growing economic [....] » Read More
Context: Cholera is a diarrheal disease caused by toxigenic strains of Vibrio cholerae , of fecal-oral transmission. Haiti was certified in March 2022, after a three-year period without any cases of cholera. On October 2, 2022, national authorities reported two confirmed cases of [....] » Read More
Fungal infections of the skin, nails and the mucosal surfaces of the mouth or the genital tract, known as superficial fungal infections, are quite common in Africa. Mycosis (fungal infection) of the nails and skin include those caused by various species of fungi belonging to the [....] » Read More
Introduction: Gastrointestinal Basidiobolomycosis (GIB) is an unusual, rare, fungal infection has been rarely reported in medical literature. This fungal infection can affect anywhere from stomach, small intestine, colon, and liver. Cases with gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis [....] » Read More
Purpose Pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children younger than 5 years old worldwide and different pathogen agents were shown to be involved, atypical bacteria are also implicated in pneumonia development mainly C. pneumoniae and M. pneumoniae. The aim [....] » Read More
Background Diphtheria, whose lethality is 20%, is a public health problem with a vaccination coverage of 72%. This investigation aims to describe and identify the risk factors associated with the epidemic. Methods This retrospective descriptive study used secondary data from t [....] » Read More
Background: In 2016, the United Nations General Assembly’s Political Declaration on Ending AIDS committed countries to the 90–90–90 targets, which aim to bring HIV testing and treatment to many people living with HIV by the end of 2020. Globally as of 2019 [....] » Read More
Background: In 2016, the United Nations General Assembly’s Political Declaration on Ending AIDS committed countries to the 90–90–90 targets, which aim to bring HIV testing and treatment to many people living with HIV by the end of 2020. Globally as of 2019 [....] » Read More
Background: In 2016, the United Nations General Assembly’s Political Declaration on Ending AIDS committed countries to the 90–90–90 targets, which aim to bring HIV testing and treatment to many people living with HIV by the end of 2020. Globally as of 2019 [....] » Read More
Background: In 2016, the United Nations General Assembly’s Political Declaration on Ending AIDS committed countries to the 90–90–90 targets, which aim to bring HIV testing and treatment to many people living with HIV by the end of 2020. Globally as of 2019 [....] » Read More
Background: Glomerular hyper-filtration (GHF) is common in sickle cell disease (SCD) patients and may affect the concentrations of medications, including antibiotics, possibly resulting in sub-therapeutic drug concentrations and ultimately in treatment failure. There is a lack of [....] » Read More
Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a cause of high morbidity and mortality in South African hospitals. Turnaround time for diagnosis of bloodstream infections is long, rendering results clinically irrelevant. Thus, there is a need for a faster and more accurate diagnosis pla [....] » Read More
Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, is ubiquitous in human environment and associated in nosocomial infections with increasing antibiotic resistance. Hospital environment contributes to outbreaks, unfortunately the role of environmental reservoirs in pseudomonad infection is o [....] » Read More
I. MOTIVATION Arboviral diseases, a significant subclass of Neglected Tropical Diseases, impose a considerable health burden globally, particularly in lower-income nations. Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika trio account for a high proportion of morbidity and mortality in Latin Am [....] » Read More
Introduction Contaminated oysters are a severe threat to public health in the US, with Norovirus outbreaks being a common concern. To prevent these outbreaks, predicting when they might occur is critical. Fortunately, advanced artificial intelligence models can now forecast co [....] » Read More
Introduction: Sepsis associated encephalopathy (SAE) is diffuse brain dysfunction that occurs secondary to an infection but not directly in the CNS1-2. We present a case of SAE caused by MRSA osteomyelitis and septic shock. Case Summary: 15 year old female who is a volley ba [....] » Read More
Some tissues such as central nervous system and lymph nodes offer pharmacological sanctuaries for HIV. One barrier to achieving a cure may be suboptimal antiretroviral concentrations in sanctuary sites. Route of administration significantly influences ARV tissue pharmacokin [....] » Read More
Background: Despite stable HIV and STI prevalence among black Africans (BA) and black Caribbeans (BC) in the UK, testing rates among these populations remain low. Enhancing access and availability to sexual health testing services is crucial to optimise sexual health outcomes, re [....] » Read More
Background: Options for recurrent C. difficile remain very limited, especially in Canada where bezlotoxumab, REBYOTA™, and VOWST™ are all not yet available. The need for extensive donor testing in order to maintain a stool bank for FMT has been complicated by an [....] » Read More
Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and self-DNA in the form of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are released from immune cells (Monocytes, Macrophages, and other immune cells) under a stressed condition, that are recognized by pattern recognition receptors [....] » Read More
Background: Evidence has showed that migration influences human health. China has a high migration rate and a significant number of HIV positive people, but little is known about how these intersect in sexual risk behaviors. Therefore, we aim to explore sexual risk behavior betwe [....] » Read More
BACKGROUND: Laryngeal tuberculosis is rare granulomatous disease of the larynx usually considered to be the result of pulmonary tuberculosis.Involvement of the larynx is seen in <1% of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. However, the larynx may be involved without any [....] » Read More
This study is a compilation of some interesting leprotic lesions diagnosed by simple fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). A series of patients with palpable leprotic lesions, including polar tuberculoid and lepromatous neuritic leprosies, erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL), lepro [....] » Read More
INTRODUCTION: Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome ( APLA syndrome ) is an autoimmune disease, with hypercoagulable state leading to dangerous clotting in arteries and veins.Those with APS make abnormal proteins called antiphospholipid autoantibodies in the blood. This causes bloo [....] » Read More
Many misleading words and expressions have entered the medical field without knowing the correct meaning. Due to the use of such words and expressions, many things are misjudged, misunderstood, and even correct ones are misjudged. There is a situation where fever is the cause o [....] » Read More
The SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 is an accessory protein that interferes with the host immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 infection. In the current study, SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 protein was targeted to check the in silico inhibitory capacity of antimicrobial peptides: DRAMP00019 and DRAMP00016, der [....] » Read More
Objective: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is an autoimmune systemic connective tissue disease that affects many organs. The disease can be seen at any age period with more frequent females at different clinical stages. Many autoantibodies are shown in blood circulation in patients [....] » Read More
The unprecedented SARC CoV2 pandemic showed the world about the significance of Infectious diseases management and the challenges it can pose to public health systems globally. The accurate interpretation and quality of data related is hence play a crucial role in understanding t [....] » Read More
Introduction: Disseminated tuberculosis is a severe form of the disease involving two or more non-contiguous body sites or blood or bone marrow concurrently. Recurrent tuberculosis is occurrence of tuberculosis in a previously treated individual.The diagnosis and management ofte [....] » Read More
There is no uniform definition, test, or treatment for fever alone. Today, the diagnosis and treatment of fever are similar to the diagnosis and treatment of its opposite, destructive hyperthermia.T he essence of today's fever treatment is fever can be cured by using fever-cr [....] » Read More
Background: Antiretroviral therapy was reported to show varying degree of responses and toxicities. The inter-individual variation of the therapy outcomes is due to different factors including biological factors. Genetic factors are one of the leading causes of this variation. Th [....] » Read More
Objectives: To analyze the safety, incidence of adverse events of no prophylactic platelet transfusion strategy in dengue fever. Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study among dengue patients who had platelet counts less than 20000/mm3 admitted to [....] » Read More
Hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) are two among other forms of infections for which co-infection in HIV has been associated with alteration of the immune response, increased risk of progression to liver diseases and increased risk of hepatotoxicity associated to antiretroviral therap [....] » Read More
Hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) are two among other forms of infections for which co-infection in HIV has been associated with alteration of the immune response, increased risk of progression to liver diseases and increased risk of hepatotoxicity associated to antiretroviral [....] » Read More
Background Cytokine storm in vitamin D deficient covid-19 is characterized by increased production of proinflammatory cytokines, where Vitamin D deficiency increases- the risk of Covid -19 severity. However, the epigenetic contribution of methylation of Vitamin D g [....] » Read More
Impacts of the main operating parameters on permeate flux and pollutants rejection of the RO process, as well as fouling on the membrane surface, were examined for removing the significant ionic concentration and remaining natural organic and dissolved organic matter load o [....] » Read More
Background: Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) is a small DNA virus. Acute B19V infection is a risk for pregnant women. After vertical transmission the infected may develop non-immune hydrops fetalis (NIHF), intrauterine fetal death (IUFD), Intra Uterine Growth restriction (IUGR) and sp [....] » Read More
Shewanella putrefaciens is a Gram-negative bacillus and a bacterium commonly found in marine environments that rarely causes disease in humans. We present the case of a previously healthy 15-year-old male patient, who presented with a sharp wound and septic monoarthritis of the l [....] » Read More
Aim: In last two years coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) changed human lifestyle ,behaviour and perception of life. This disease caused by SARS-COV-2 virus. In current literature there is not any study about COVID-19 late renal effect that reflecting systemic involv [....] » Read More
Objective:Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is viral infection that generaly cause mild upper respiratory system involvement. In modarate cases it may cause viral pneumonia sign and symptoms such as fever, fatique,shortness of breath, nonproductive cough. In severe patients gro [....] » Read More
This case report describes a rare and significant association between Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease and encephalitis. Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease is a rare and self-limiting condition characterized by cervical lymphadenopathy, which can present as painful or generalized lymphadenopathy a [....] » Read More
Purpose of the study: To study the dynamics of mortality from HIV infection in Russia before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Materials and methods: Rosstat data on the number and causes of death of contingents with HIV infection for 2012-2021. For the analysis, the StatTech pr [....] » Read More
SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of the novel corona virus disease of 2019 (COVID-19). It first emerged in the city of Wuhan, China in December 2019 and has resulted in millions of infections and deaths worldwide. To invade a cell, this enveloped virus targets cells that display [....] » Read More
L1CAM (L1, CD171) is a cell surface immunoglobulin superfamily protein normally involved in axon guidance, differentiation, and cell migration during development. LI also is expressed abnormally in many types of cancers including breast, pancreatic, colon, melanoma and glio [....] » Read More
Leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease caused by the parasite Leishmania donovani, manifests in various forms, the most severe of which is visceral leishmaniasis (VL). In Bihar state of India, the prevalence of Post-KalaAzar Dermal Leishmaniasis, and HIV-VL coinfection is st [....] » Read More
Since late December 2019, an outbreak of new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) struck Wuhan, China, and has rapidly developed into a worldwide pandemic. Evidence has shown that the large majority of coronavi [....] » Read More
Background & Aims The stealth property of hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been challenged. The age-related hepatic immunocompetence and immune response leads to spontaneous clearance of HBV infection, however, the mechanisms underlying spontaneous clearance remain to be clarif [....] » Read More
Re-emergence of new variants of Corona Virus (SARS COV2) has been a mode of mutability defining the virus transmissibility questioning the existing policies of diagnostic procedures and fidelity of vaccination. A major genetic drift in the mortality of human population has been o [....] » Read More
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has the potential to slow down the progression of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection, which is increasingly becoming a chronic disease. However, many studies reported that ART can lead to changes in the composition of biological fluids inclu [....] » Read More
Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic pathogen and a major cause of nosocomial infections. Phenotypic analysis of virulence and molecular typing of virulence-associated genes are powerful approaches to understanding K. pneumoniae infection biology. This study subjected 102 cl [....] » Read More
Background: Rotavirus infection is the most common cause of severe diarrhea in young children and infants worldwide. Epidemiological knowledge concerning rotaviruses among infants and children is critical for the development of effective measures, including vaccines. Meth [....] » Read More
Background: Hand hygiene is a key component of infectionprevention,andprevent crossinfectioninhospital,ithasused in correct time will improve health and prevent illness. By applying the 5 moments in any healthcare facility ensures hand hygiene is performed at the most [....] » Read More
Due to the rapid and widespread distribution, high mortality in the acute period, and persistent residual effects leading to disability and side effects on pregnancy, and the fetus, infectious diseases are always under the close attention of society and all states. In addition, t [....] » Read More
The members of the genus Alphavirus are positive-sense RNA viruses, which are predominantly transmitted to vertebrates by a mosquito vector. Several species of this genus cause diseases in animals and humans.Arthropod-borne viruses have a great importance on public health worldwi [....] » Read More
Background: Sexually Transmitted Infections remain major public health problems among the most at risk population groups such as female commercial sex workers. Objective: To assess the magnitude of Hepatitis B Virus and HIV/AIDS and identify the associated factors among female [....] » Read More
Introduction: The SARS-Cov-2 virus is classically associated with respiratory tract infections. Here we present two rare cases of isolated renal failure resulting from severe rhabdomyolysis due to COVID-19, in the absence of respiratory symptoms. Case 1: A 40-year-old Af [....] » Read More
Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) remain some of the commonest causes of nosocomial bacteremia, and as genomic identification become more precise, new infectious organisms are reported as the causative agent of bacteremia. Here we report the first published case of Staphylo [....] » Read More
Introduction Postoperative infections, commonly from Staphylococcus epidermidis, may result in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft failure and necessitate revision surgery. In biomechanical studies, S. epidermidis has been shown to establish biofilms on tendons and reduce g [....] » Read More
Ingestion of antibiotic-resistant (AR) bacteria may lead to transmission of AR genes in the gut microbiota and cause AR bacterial infection, a significant public health concern. However, it is not clear if and how microbes from the food matrix (food microbes) may influence resist [....] » Read More
BACKGROUND: Lung cancer and tuberculosis are frequently confused and misdiagnosed. Lung cancer and tuberculosis share similar clinical presentation and radiological features. Hence, with pathological and microbiological tests, the diagnosis must be verified. Here, presenting a c [....] » Read More
BACKGROUND: Among extra-pulmonary TB, osteoarticular involvement is seen in 10% patients. Commonly TB affects spine and hip joint, it also affects knee joint, foot bones, hand bones and elbow joint, rarely shoulder joint which accounts for 1-2%. Among shoulder joint TB, Isolated [....] » Read More
Laryngeal tuberculosis is rare and its diagnosis requires a high degree of clinical suspicion. Involvement of the larynx is seen in <1% of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Patients usually present with hoarseness of voice or dysphagia and other nonspecific constitutional [....] » Read More
BACKGROUND: Hodgkins lymphoma is a group of cancers that arises from lymphatic system. Most common presentation is asymptomatic lymphnode enlargement typically in the neck. Pulmonary involvement is not uncommon . In this case report we describe a case of Pulmonary Hod [....] » Read More
Background: Combination of COVID-19 vaccines was a key strategy in countries with limited vaccine supply to achieve widespread coverage. Objective: To determine the humoral immunogenicity of an mRNA-1273 booster in a group of hospital workers in Colombia who were vaccinated with [....] » Read More
Corona virus disease is a severe acute respiratory infection caused by SARS- CoV -2 and has rapidly become a global pandemic. Patients with autoimmune disorders have been more prone to have severe complications after infected with COVID – 19. Myasthenia gravis is an autoimm [....] » Read More
Introduction: Tularemia is an uncommon disease. An average of 173 cases per year were reported in the US for the past 20 years. A low minimal-infective-dose, high rate of dissemination and the possible mortality make tularemia a potential weapon for bioterrorism.This report summa [....] » Read More
Tuberculous mastoiditis is a rare form of presentation of tuberculosis. Here we are presenting a case of left ear CSOM with post mastoidectomy status. Biopsy results came as granulomatous lesion with AFB Stain positive. INTRODUCTION: Tuberculous mastoiditis was first describe [....] » Read More
The discussion will centre around the classification of lymphomas and in detail regarding the Primary Mediastinal B-cell Lymphoma. Primary large B cell lymphoma of the mediastinum (PMBL) is an aggressive tumor arising in the mediastinum from the thymic (medullary) B cell. It is a [....] » Read More
Tuberculosis is still a disease of current interest in developing countries and can still take deceptive forms and involve unusual localizations . The extrapulmonary form represents 15% of all forms of tuberculosis, including the thoracic wall invasion . The extrapulmonary form r [....] » Read More
Introduction Acinetobacter radioresistens (AR), as resistant as the name sounds, is a Gram-negative, aerobic bacillus that survives desiccation, hydrogen peroxide, and UV irradiation and thrives in the hospital environment. It evades detection in the laboratory, adding v [....] » Read More
Relevance. Not only children are involved in the epidemic process, but also adults, whose encounter with the measles virus is accompanied by the synthesis of antibodies according to the primary or secondary type of immune response. The diagnosis of measles infection in previously [....] » Read More
From late 2019 to early 2021, the world has been struggling with the acute distress respiratory syndrome (ADRS), also called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by the severe acute respiratory virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) These mutations resulted in the generation of new [....] » Read More
Introduction: NLRP12 gene plays an essential role in the development and action of regulatory T- cells; therefore, mutations in this gene can show signs and symptoms of autoinflammatory syndromes. Familial Cold Autoinflammatory Syndrome 2 (FCAS2) is one of the NLRP12-associa [....] » Read More
Background: Salmonella species and Escherichia coli are important foodborne pathogens affecting humans and animals. They are among the most important causes of infection that are associated with the consumption of contaminated food. This study was aimed to determine the prevalenc [....] » Read More
Introduction: Bovine papillomatosis (wart) is one of the most commonly observed and economically important bovine skin diseases in Ethiopia, caused by a group of viruses named papilloma viruses (PVs). However, no previous studies have described its status, and hence, it has often [....] » Read More
Schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections constitute a major public health problem in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa. In areas where prevalence of geo-helminths and schistosomes is high, co-infection with multiple parasite species is common, resulting in di [....] » Read More
This research presentation discusses the general impacts of AIDS on women in Uganda. An extensive literature review and analysis demonstrate that not only is the risk of HIV-infection and AIDS higher for women than for men in Uganda, individual and social impacts of the disease o [....] » Read More
Background: South Africa has been at the forefront of the programmatic introduction of new and repurposed drugs for the treatment of multi-drug-resistant TB this is because optimal treatment regimens for patients with multi-drug-resistant Tuberculosis remains unclear. As of Janua [....] » Read More
African Horse Sickness (AHS) is an infectious and endemic viral disease of Equidae in South Africa. This disease has a high mortality rate in horses. AHS is an RNA virus within the genus Orbivirus of the family Reoviridae. This virus is transmitted by the Culicoid midges seasonal [....] » Read More
Rabies is a life threatening viral infection of the central nervous system; the disease primarily affects wild and domestic animals. In South Africa the disease is mainly reported in domestic dog, black- backed Jackal, bat eared fox and yellow mongoose. World Health Organisation [....] » Read More
Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne viral disease which considered to be one of the world’s emerging infectious diseases. Sudan is one of the countries with a continuous risk of developing dengue fever outbreaks. Our study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice [....] » Read More
1. Shock. 2. Acute respiratory failure. 3. Coma. 4. Swelling-swelling of the brain. 5. Acute hepatic insufficiency. 6. Acute renal failure. Shock is an acutely developing general reflex pathological reaction of the body in response to the action of extreme stimuli with inhi [....] » Read More
Meningococcal infection is an acute respiratory infectious disease disease caused by meningococcal, characterized by a wide range from asymptomatic bacterial carriage to sepsis. AETIOLOGY The causative agent is Neisseria meningitides. 12 serogroups, the most common are A, B, [....] » Read More
The most important issue in Maggot debridement therapy (MDT) is sterilization of Lucilia sericata (Meigan, Diptera: Calliphoridae) eggs. Various materials can be used to sterilize the surface of insect eggs. However, the mortality rate of eggs is extremely high, and larval mass p [....] » Read More
In order to contribute to the understanding of the mechanism of invasion of epithelial cells by Shigella sp., we have first shown (i) Shigella strains as well as clinical or environmental strains are able to secrete biosurfactant-like molecules (BLM) direct [....] » Read More
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a very common infection in human beings. The increasing emergence of antibiotic resistance among UTI causing uropathogens is a global concern. To battle antibiotic resistant bacteria, it is crucial to find new antibacterial substances and app [....] » Read More
Opisthorchiasis, caused by Opisthorchis viverrini, continues to pose a significant public health challenge, particularly in the Lower Mekong Basin of Southeast Asia, necessitating urgent attention and intervention. Research on O. viverrini has primarily focused on proteomic and t [....] » Read More
The aim of the present study is to determine risk factors association with Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) as compared with methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and to compare the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of van [....] » Read More
Relatively, vaccination is a new way of preventing infectious diseases. The main its target is training the body to be ready for the real pathogenic infection. According to a simplified definition, it is a process of infecting the body with a modified/artificial pathogen/antigen. [....] » Read More
Background Measles is a highly contagious viral infection causing large outbreaks all over the world. Despite the availability of safe and cost effective vaccine, measles remained endemic with persistent periodic outbreaks in the Horn of Africa. The aim of this study is to chara [....] » Read More
Rapid and accurate visceral leishmaniasis (VL) diagnosis is needed to initiate prompt treatment to reduce morbidity and mortality. Here, we evaluated the performance of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the diagnosis of VL from blood in an endemic area in Et [....] » Read More
Background: Azadirachta indica is the most versatile medicinal plant known as “the village pharmacy”. The plant is known for its broad spectrum of biological activity in India and various countries throughout history by many different human cultures. The present study [....] » Read More
Background: Hepatitis B infection is the most common and serious liver infection in the world. Health care workers are among the most vulnerable groups to acquire Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection; with an estimated risk of four times higher than that of the general population. V [....] » Read More
Introduction: Helicobacter pylori is an infectious agent with the potential to cause peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. It has a significant prevalence around the globe and a number of invasive and non-invasive diagnostic techniques. Given that the data vary by region and [....] » Read More
Background: In December 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) first became identified in the market places of Wuhan, China. The first incidence of COVID-19 was identified in Saudi Arabia on March 2, 2020, and then within a month, the total number of reported instances ha [....] » Read More
Background: REGKIRONA, the first domestic COVID-19 treatment drug, was released with conditional approval from the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety on February 5, 2021, and has been used for the treatment of all patients with mild to moderate severity in the high-risk group over [....] » Read More
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is a leading cause of liver diseases. Like other RNA viruses, HCV has also been known to alter cellular lipidome for its survival. There are evidences regarding involvement of lipid and lipid droplets (LDs) in HCV replication and assembly in the literature [....] » Read More
Background: Candidemia and antifungal resistance are major healthcare challenges, emphasising the role of accurate susceptibility testing methods. We aimed to describe candidemia frequency, Candida spp. distribution and the associated risk factors. Also, we aimed to evaluate a [....] » Read More
Bovine leptospirosis is a zoonosis causing economic losses in livestock. This work reports an outbreak of Leptospira interrogans serogroup Sejroe serovar Hardjo in a cattle farm in province of Enna (Sicily). The farm was officially free from Brucellosis, Tuberculosis and Enzootic [....] » Read More
Toxoplasma gondii, a protozoan pathogen causing zoonosis, represents a serious threat for aquatic mammals including dolphins, as it causes severe brain lesions in dolphins leading them to stranding and death. This study aimed to investigate T. gondii DNA presence in organs collec [....] » Read More
Objective: In order to prevent and cure the more and more worse greenhouse effects, climate change impacts and living environment for man kinds, new administration strategies must be created. So the research has been done. Methods: Summarized and research the present situation [....] » Read More
Title : Surveillance of healthcare-associated infections: New challenges for the next decade
Astagneau Pascal , Sorbonne University, France
Healthcare-associated infections (HAI) are one of the most frequent adverse events in hospitalized patients. Their potential outcomes could be fatal or severe and represent a significant disease burden. In addition, a part of HAI is due to multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO), wh [....] » Read More
Title : Guidance on MS animal model development: Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis models induced by different myelin oligodendrocyte glycoproteins exhibit differentiated pharmacological responses
WenQing Yang, Founder/Chief Scientific Officer, ClinBridge Biotech Corp, China
Up-to-date, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) represents the most commonly used model for studying autoimmune-mediated myelin degradation in multiple sclerosis (MS). The immunological and neurobiological mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis, progression, and progn [....] » Read More
Title : Host-pathogen interactions in streptococcal pyogenes infections
Francis J Castellino, University of Notre Dame, United States
A distinguishing characteristic of severe Group A Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS) infections is dysregulated hemostasis. A series of studies show that components of the blood coagulation and fibrinolytic pathways regulate the severity of the infection. One grou [....] » Read More
Title : Ozone and oxidation therapies a salvation for infection treatment
Robert Rowen, Private Medical Practice, United States
Medicine faces crisis with emerging “super bugs,” lethal viruses (Ebola), and stealth pathogens such as tick-borne infections. Thousands are dying worldwide of once easily treatable diseases. Ozone therapy, extensively studied, may be a valuable adjunctive or stand-al [....] » Read More
Title : Mometasone furoate nasal spray on recovery of long-term olfactory dysfunction due to COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of a randomized controlled trials
Nicole Vieira Pires, Columbia University in the City of New York, United States
PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase databases were searched for RCTs. Data were extracted from published reports, and quality assessment was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. We used a fixed-effect model to calculate the risk ratio (RR) and the 95% confidence interval (CI). Endp [....] » Read More
Title : Answers in hours – a prospective clinical study for rapid detection of pathogens and antibacterial resistance in surgical patients using oxford nanopore sequencing
Emma Whittle, Mayo Clinic, United States
Surgical site infections (SSI) are a major source of morbidity in patients undergoing pancreatic head resection. Infections are often caused by organisms detected in the bile duct, resulting in many institutions using prolonged prophylactic antibiotics that are later optimized ba [....] » Read More
Title : A case of UTI flaring into emphysematous pyelonephritis, What went wrong?
Ali Abdulsahib, Capital Health Regional Medical Center, United States
Emphysematous pyelonephritis/pyelitis: is a rare necrotizing infection of the renal parenchyma and surrounding tissues, that results in the presence of gas in the renal parenchyma, collecting system, or perinephric tissue. We are presenting 41-year male with past medical history [....] » Read More
Title : Disseminated histoplasmosis presenting as isolated acute liver injury: A case report
Rebecca Yao, Mayo Clinic, United States
The CNS, skin, and adrenal glands. We present a case of disseminated histoplasmosis in an immunocompromised host presenting with isolated acute liver injury. The various manifestations of disseminated histoplasmosis can involve nearly any organ system, including a 59-year-old [....] » Read More
Title : A Phase II, Randomized, Sham-Controlled Dose-Finding Study of the RD-X19 Treatment Device in Individuals with Mild-to-Moderate COVID-19
Jacob Kocher, EmitBio, United States
The EmitBio RD-X19 is a handheld, self-administered device that delivers doses of 425 nm visible light to the posterior oropharynx and surrounding tissues to serve as a potential new treatment option for outpatients with COVID-19. A Phase II, sham-controlled dose-finding study wa [....] » Read More
Title : Aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling regulates genes in intestinal epithelial cells to mitigate disease severity during colitis
Archana Saxena, University of South Carolina, United States
Current treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) leaves a clear unmet need to target the colonic epithelial cells (CECs). In our previous study we found that aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) expression on CECs has a vital role during indole-3-carbinol (I3C)-mediated protection against [....] » Read More
Title : Infectious diseases
Jalia Mpanga, Sinjal, United Kingdom
Infectious diseases are disorders that are caused by organisms, usually microscopic in size, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites that are passed, directly or indirectly, from one person to another. Humans can also become infected following exposure to an infected anima [....] » Read More
Title : In vitro characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein
Babl Sabrina, University of Regensburg, Germany
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus with a genome size of approximately 30 kilobases. The genome encodes non-structural proteins at its 5’ end and structural proteins at its 3’ end. Among the struc [....] » Read More
Title : Prevalence of malaria in wild long-tailed macaques of peninsular malaysia
Lau Yee Ling, Universiti Malaya, Malaysia
Malaria is one of the deadliest human parasitic diseases causing an estimated 409000 deaths in 2019 (WHO, 2020). There has been recent interest in zoonotic malaria as an emerging disease as we observe a rise in the number of knowlesi malaria cases together with the recent discove [....] » Read More
Title : New optical and nanotechnologies for the treatment of infectious diseases
Paul Michael Petersen, DTU Electro, Denmark
Human infectious diseases are among the most important problems in our healthcare system and today antibiotics are used for the treatment of a variety of diseases and infections. There is, however, increasing awareness and concern about antibiotic resistance, which prevents effec [....] » Read More
Title : Antibiotic induces barter syndrome- A systematic review
Megha Priyadarshi, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, India
Background Bartter syndrome encompasses salt-losing tubulopathies characterized by hypokalemia, hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis, and hyperreninemic hyperaldosteronism with normal blood pressure. Acquired Bartter or Bartter-like syndrome (BLS) is commonly associated with t [....] » Read More
Title : Pyrexia of unknown origin in a healthy adult: Cryptic illness- A case report
Rishikesh Dessai, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, India
Abstract: We describe a 23-year-old male, with no known co-morbid illnesses, who presented with a history of chronic fever and left hip pain of 6 months duration. His past history was significant for a road traffic accident, 11 months prior to his presentation, where he sustained [....] » Read More
Title : A rare case of cerebral phaeohypomycosis - Tissue biopsy to the rescue
Rahul Kumar, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, India
Primary cerebral phaeohyphomycosis is a rare infection caused by brown-black pigmented fungi, namely dematiaceous fungi that can cause infrequent but devastating CNS infection due to their recognised neurotropism. Cladophialophora bantiana is recognised as the most common cause o [....] » Read More
Title : Non tuberculous mycobacterium infecting mesh hernioplasty: A case report
Pooja Khosla, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, India
Abstract: Non-tubercular mycobacteria are considered to be of low virulence and rarely cause human disease unless some aspect of host defence is impaired. Since NTM infections are rarely reported to health agencies due to difficult identification, reliable data on incidence and p [....] » Read More
Title : Virulence factors of staphylococcus aureus associated with bovine mastitis
Rajashree Shivkumar Gandge, Mumbai ( Bombay) Veterinary College, India
Mastitis is one of the major health issues in bovines since years in India, causing great economic losses and threat for zoonotic transmission of infections. While a several types of bacterial pathogens are responsible for this condition, Staphylococcus aureus is reported to be a [....] » Read More
Title : A systematic study on blood system of immune mechanism of hand,foot and mouth disease sepsis
Ling liang Yao, Nanhua University, China
Objective: To investigate the compensation rule of blood system induced by immune mechanism in sepsis of hand, foot and mouth disease. Methods: This paper collected between April 2014 to October 2017 EV71 48 cases of children with hand, foot and mouth disease in hospital [....] » Read More
Title : Innate receptor PGLYRP2 is a functional sensor and hepatic scavenger for hepatitis B virus
Ming Shi, Harbin Institute of Technology, China
The stealth property of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been questioned. The hepatic immunocompetence and effective innate immune responses are necessary for spontaneous clearance of HBV infection, however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here we observed a negative correla [....] » Read More
Title : Ongoing journey – targeting citrullinated histone H3 (CitH3) for early diagnosis and treatment of sepsis
Yongqing Li, University of Michigan Medical School, United States
Over the past decade, our research team has dedicated our efforts towards studying protein post-translational modifications with the goal of early diagnosis and treatment of sepsis. Our comprehensive and intensive research has culminated in the publication of approximately 40 man [....] » Read More
Title : Cytokine storm identification, overall coping strategy and precious treatment model for infectious diseases based on manifestations
Huiyi Feng, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, China
In recent years, there have been frequent outbreaks of infectious disease pandemic such as SARS and COVID-19, which pose a serious threat to human life and socio-economic development. Despite the lack of a specific medicine to combat virus infections, the medical community and go [....] » Read More
Title : Cytokine storm identification, overall coping strategy and precious treatment model for infectious diseases based on manifestations
Weixi Shen, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, China
In recent years, there have been frequent outbreaks of infectious disease pandemic such as SARS and COVID-19, which pose a serious threat to human life and socio-economic development. Despite the lack of a specific medicine to combat virus infections, the medical community and go [....] » Read More
Title : Genomic analysis of WGS of leishmania major
Fatima Zahrae El Bakri, Ibn tofail university, Morocco
Leishmaniases represent a major public health problem not only because of the number of cases recorded each year, but also because of the wide distribution of the disease. It is a parasitic disease caused by around 20 species of flagellated protozoa transmitted by the bite of cer [....] » Read More
Title : Antibiotic resistance profiles of diarrheal pathogens among children aged under five years in muhoroni sub-county hospital, Kisumu county-Kenya.
Silas Onyango Awuor, Kisii University, Kenya
Diarrhoea diseases are the second leading cause of death among children under five being worsened by emergence of multi-drug resistant which are major problem. Consent was taken from parents with children showing signs. Stool samples were collected in which isolation and Suscepti [....] » Read More
Title : First detection of WNV RNA presence in field-collected mosquitoes in Cyprus
Chryso Theodorou Pallari, University of Nicosia, Cyprus
West Nile virus (WNV) infections have increased over recent years to the extent that WNV has become one of the most widespread arboviruses in the world, with potential consequences for both human and animal health. While much is known about WNV and the vectors that transmit it fr [....] » Read More
Title : andida auris outbreak associated with patients with SARS-CoV-2 in the intensive care unit of a high-complex hospital in cucuta, Colombia
Andres Gonzalez, Health Research Center for the Tropics, Colombia
Abstract: Introduction: During the CoVID-19 pandemic, there was an increase in cases of pathogens of public health surveillance, such as Candida auris, associated with an increase in the need for patient management in intensive care units. The aim of the present study was to d [....] » Read More
Title : Role of Infectious disease Intervention and medical management in a rare case of aureobasidium pullulans
Dana Gangoo, Saint James School of Medicine, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Introduction A report on a rare case of fungemia due to Aureobasidium pullulans and the role of Infectious Disease in the evaluation and medical management of this skin condition. Case presentation A 42-year-old man with past medical history of Chronic Alcohol Abuse diso [....] » Read More
Title : Effects of the natural compound on SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-mediated metabolic alteration in THP-1 cells explored by the 1H-NMR-based metabolomics approach
Gyaltsen Dakpa, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
A change in metabolism is one of the hallmarks of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that cause severity and mortality. The mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-mediated perturbations of metabolic pathways and modulation of antcin A, a steroid-like compound isolated from Taiwan [....] » Read More
Title : Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine doses in children: Case of lake region economic bloc -kenya
Shem Otoi Odhiambo Sam S, Lake Region Economic Bloc- kenya, Kenya
Introduction: Vaccination of experienced delays due to paucity of information regarding safety, effectiveness, immunogenicity, and reactogenicity. Age wise approval prioritized 12-17 years and later 5-11 years. Those below 5 years possess naïve immunity and not conside [....] » Read More
Title : Epidemiological profile of attacks by animals suspected of rabies, January 2017– December 2021, Haiti
Rose Anaelle Pierre Jean Freycinet, Field Epidemiology Training Program Resident (FETP), Haiti
Background: Human rabies is a serious public health problem. The objective of this work is to describe the epidemiological characteristics of cases of aggression by animals suspected of rabies in Haiti for the period from January 2017 to December 2021. Methods: A retrospective d [....] » Read More
Title : Antibiotic resistance of staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage in young children in Bangladesh
Sufia Islam, East West University, Bangladesh
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the causes of illness and mortality in children. Both continuous and intermittent nasal carriage of S. aureus can act as a reservoir for internal infections as well as external transmission to other people. Its systemic invasion from th [....] » Read More
Title : A case of leprosy in North Florida
Austin Auyeung, Graduate Medical Education / HCA Florida North Florida Hospital, United States
Introduction The global prevalence of leprosy, also known as Hansen’s disease is <1/10 000, with the majority of new cases in India, Brazil and Indonesia. It can be broadly categorized as tuberculoid or lepromatous based on histopathological analysis. The USA continue [....] » Read More
Title : Differential incidences of various species and percentage of anopheles recorded from karachi
Syeda Azra Qamar, Govt College for Women, Pakistan
Malaria is a life threatening disease transmitting from one person to another through the bite of female Anopheles mosquitoes, it is an infectious disease caused by blood parasitic protozoan of the class sporozoa sub order haemosphorina and the genus Plasmodium which infects the [....] » Read More
Title : Diagnostic performance of real-time PCR kits for the detection SARS-CoV-2 from fecal swab in Covid-19 patient, Rajavithi hospital, Thailand
Suchada Suphanpayak, Rajavithi Hospital, Thailand
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a pandemic disease that can manifest with fever, pneumonia and /or gastrointestinal symptoms with vomiting and diarrhea. Currently, the diagnosis is based on RT-PCR tec [....] » Read More
Title : A randomized phase 3 clinical study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SHR8008 (oteseconazole) vs. fluconazole in subjects with vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC)
Stephen Brand, Mycovia Pharmaceuticals, United States
Background VIVJOA® (oteseconazole) is approved in the United States to reduce the incidence of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC). A Phase 3 study was conducted in China by Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd. to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SHR8008 [....] » Read More
Title : Assessment of parvovirus B19 activation in human heart tissue samples
Anna Kloc, University of New Haven, United States
Myocarditis is the inflammation of the heart muscle (myocardium). The heart's capacity to pump blood may be affected by such inflammation. Chest pain, breathing difficulty, and irregular heartbeat, known as arrhythmia, can all be symptoms of myocarditis. The cardi [....] » Read More
Title : Outcomes following implementation of an electronic medical record alert system to improve fluoroquinolone stewardship
Juwairiah Mohammad, Infirmary Health, United States
Fluoroquinolone antibiotics are often overprescribed to populations at risk of adverse effects of these drugs (Mathews, 2019). Overtreatment with fluoroquinolone antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin lead to increased incidence of tendinopathy, muscle weakness, perip [....] » Read More
Title : Characterization of dengue virus serotype 1 and 2 infection in human dermal fibroblasts
Nicole Messere, Takeda Vaccines, United States
Dengue virus (DENV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus with four antigenically distinct serotypes called DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4. Many DENV infections are asymptomatic or lead to mild illness, but occasionally DENV infections can lead to severe disease, characterized by sh [....] » Read More
Title : Radiation proctitis with recurrent gastrointestinal bleed complicated by cytomegalovirus: A case report
Austin Auyeung, Graduate Medical Education / HCA Florida North Florida Hospital, United States
Abstract: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a well-known DNA virus of the human herpesvirus group that is known to cause a myriad of infections, more commonly in patients who are immunocompromised. Initial infections with this virus are frequently short-lived, presenting in the form a mi [....] » Read More
Title : The Activity of PHMB and other guanidino containing compounds against acanthamoeba
Dharanga Rumeshi Ratnayake, University of Wolverhampton, United Kingdom
In recent years, a rise in the number of contact lens users in the UK and worldwide coincided with an increased incidence of microbial keratitis. The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activities of polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG), polyaminopropyl biguanide [....] » Read More
Title : Exploring the impact of plectranthus amboinicus L. Extracts on antioxidant system and cell membrane integrity of P. aeruginosa PA01 and S. aureus NCTC8325
Sheeba Samuel Sawant, University of Wolverhampton, United Kingdom
Plectranthus amboinicus (Indian borage) has been extensively studied for its medicinal properties, which can be exploited to develop new antimicrobial therapeutics. The current study investigated the effect of Plectranthus amboinicus leaf extracts on the catalase a [....] » Read More
Title : Bacillary angiomatosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: A case report
Caryl Yu Durante, Eastern Visayas Medical Center, Philippines
Identifying cutaneous lesions among persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can present as a diagnostic challenge. Bacillary angiomatosis (BA) is a rare disease characterized by neovascular proliferation of the skin, presenting as tumor-like masses. Since the adven [....] » Read More
Title : Amphotericin B-induced ototoxicitiy in a successfully treated patient for cryptococcal meningitis relapse: A case report
Pauline Cleo Olpoc, Eastern Visayas Medical Center, Philippines
Background: Cryptococcal meningitis is one of the opportunistic infections in patients with HIV that usually presents with neurological symptoms such as headache, change in sensorium, lethargy, fever, nuchal rigidity, nausea and vomiting. Rarely, it may present with blurring [....] » Read More
Title : A case of SARS-CoV-2 induced guillain-Barre syndrome in a patient with concurrent bacterial infection while undergoing chemotherapy
William Song, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, United States
Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) represents a spectrum of lmmune-mediated neuropathies that affect 1 to 2 in 100,000 people annually worldwide. Known triggers include infections, vaccinations, trauma, bone marrow transplants, systemic diseases, and medications. Recently, SARS-CoV-2 [....] » Read More
Title : Antibiotic prescription practices among children with influenza or RSV infection
Aneta Nitsch Osuch, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
The important factor in the development of resistance to antibiotics is their overuse, especially for viral respiratory infections. Poland has been for many years a country with a problem of antibiotic overuse on compared to other European countries. The aim of the study was to f [....] » Read More
Title : A case of meningoencephalitis due to dual infection with streptococcus pneumoniae and herpes simplex Virus 1
William Song, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, United States
Meningoencephalitis is a serious and life-threatening infection with high mortality rates worldwide. Streptococcus pneumoniae is one of the most common infectious agents causing bacterial meningoencephalitis. Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1) causes viral meningoencephalit [....] » Read More
Title : Armed forces of the Philippines medical center
Darwin C Balasta, Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Center, Philippines
Background: the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is a simple and inexpensive tool and has reported to have great prognostic value. The aim of this study is to investigate association of NLR to disease progression and mortality in patients with COVID-19 infection. Method: A retro [....] » Read More
Title : Preventing infectious diseases using UV LEDs for water disinfection
Thea Hein Petersen, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark
Access to safe drinking water is crucial for promoting human health and well-being. Contaminated drinking water represents a significant risk for waterborne infections. Water disinfection using Ultraviolet Light-Emitting Diodes (UV LEDs) is a new method to disinfect water effecti [....] » Read More
Title : Identifying barriers to implementing ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention strategies
Desiree Davis, Fountain Hills, United States
Background: The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has estimated that 1 in 31 hospital patients has at least one healthcare-associated infection (HAIs) on any given day. Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most commonly encountered HAI and is ranked as one o [....] » Read More
Title : A ten year retrospective analysis of the clinical profile and treatment outcomes of infective endocarditis at a tertiary hospital in KwaZulu- Natal, South Africa
Nerissa Sanrisha Naidoo, niversity of KwaZulu Natal, South Africa
Objective: To examine the clinical profile and treatment outcomes of infective endocarditis (IE) at a tertiary hospital in KwaZulu-Natal. Methods: A ten year retrospective analysis was conducted on cases of definite IE (modified Duke criteria). Results: Ninety-seven subject [....] » Read More
Title : Herpes zoster complicated with an asymptomatic irreversible neurogenic bladder and end-stage renal disease case report
Rabab Elsadek, HCA North Florida Hospital, United States
Introduction: Herpes zoster (HZ) is a viral condition resulting from varicella-zoster virus (VZV) reactivation. It typically presents with cutaneous symptoms, such as vesicular rash and dermatomal pain. In rare cases, sacral involvement of VZV can lead to a neurogenic bladder, ca [....] » Read More
Title : Exploring neurocognitive disruptions in herpes simplex virus-induced encephalosynaptic syndrome (HESINES)
Ryan Forster, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, United States
Our recent work has uncovered a novel aspect of Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) pathology - the Herpes Simplex Virus-Induced Encephalosynaptic Syndrome (HESINES). This syndrome reveals a complex interplay between viral particles and neuronal circuitry, leading to a range of unique man [....] » Read More