Title : Immunological Status of Antibodies of Human Parvovirus B19 among Pregnant Women with Spontaneous Abortion, Fetal Mortality and non Immune Hydrops Fetalis in Marrakesh, Morocco

Abstract:

Background: Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) is a small DNA virus. Acute B19V infection is a risk for pregnant women. After vertical transmission the infected may develop non-immune hydrops fetalis (NIHF), intrauterine fetal death (IUFD), Intra Uterine Growth restriction (IUGR) and spontaneous abortion.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of anti parvovirus B19V IgG and IgM among pregnant women with spontaneous abortion, NIHF, IUFD and study the relation with other risk factors such as age, having children, gravidity…

Study design: In this present study, 91 serum samples of pregnant women with spontaneous abortion (69), IUFD (3), IUGR (4) and NIHF (15) are collected during the period January to July 2023.  Patients were recruited in Gynecology-obstetrics department of the University Hospital Mohammed VI of Marrakesh, Morocco.
Serologic tests were carried out by searching for IgM and IgG antibodies using recombinant capsid protein VP2 as antigen via the Parvovirus Virclia® Chemiluminescence monotest kits (Vircell Microbiologist, Granada, Spain) at the Bacteriology-Virology laboratory of the Avicenna Military Hospital in Marrakesh, Morocco.

Results:  Among study the mean age is 30.7 years of case group of spontaneous abortion and 29.6 years of the others group cases IUFD, IUGR and NIHF. The seropositivity of IgM was 2.89 (2/69) for two cases of pregnancy women with spontaneous abortion. However, any case of primary B19 infection was detected for the other case groups.  In addition, the B19V IgG seroconversion was founded to be 60.86 % of spontaneous abortion, 46.66% of IUFD, 75% of IUGR and 33,33% of NIHF. Multiples variables regarding incidence of B19V specific antibodies IgM and IgG was evaluated. In effect, the results of logistic regression, showed significant association between duration of pregnancy, anemia and IgG seropositivity in pregnant women with abortion. The IgM seropositivity  in this group is affected by the gravidity and having children under six years (X²=3.862, P =0.048). The maternel age, gravidity, gestational age and having children are the significant association with IgG seropositivity in NIHF case group (X²=3.000, P = 0.000). Residence area and social class are a significant association with IgG seropositivity in IUGR.

Conclusion: The prevalence of B19V infection in spontaneous abortion cases is important. The results of this present study showed that the pregnant women have a high susceptibility to B19V infection. However, more studies are needed to prove the absolute role of B19V in these abortions.

Keywords: Immunological status, parvovirus B19, pregnant women, spontaneous abortion, hydrops fetalis, intrauterine fetal death and Intra Uterine Growth restriction

Biography:

Majda BOURADDANE is a doctoral researcher at the Laboratory of Microbiology, Virology at the Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Marrakech at the Cadi Ayyad University in Morocco. Graduated with a Master’s degree in Biomedical Analysis in 2007 and a Master’s degree in Microbiology and Engineering of Bio Industry in 2009 from the Faculty of Sciences and Techniques in Morocco and also with a university degree in Advanced Immunology.  She is a PhD student researcher from the CLAUDE BERNARD University of Lyon-1 2012-2016 in allergology immunology.  His research has focused on: allergy to olive pollen in Marrakech, Morocco, prevalence of E. coli in the Mediterranean marine environment and biochemical and molecular characteristics of pathogenic strains, research by PCR and RT-PCR of Enterovirus in shellfish samples. And currently his research is focused on the seroprevalence of Parvovirus B19 in pregnant women for his national doctorate.

She is currently in charge of initial and continuing training at a research and innovation centre at the Marrakech Faculty of Medicine and of practical immunology and microbiology work in the same faculty. its publications are: IgE d1 and d 2: are they both necessary for the exploration of allergy to mites, published in 2017 in the French journal of allergology and parvovirus B19 and pregnant women: a bibliographic journal published in 2021 in the open journal of obstetrics and gynecology.