Title : Clinicodemographic predictors of mortality among covid-19 patients admitted in a Tertiary Hospital
Abstract:
Background and Purposes: The impact of COVID 19 on mortality rate remains one of the primary sources of death globally. It has caused the death of many patients aged 45 to 84 years old, and in the main four foundations for every age cohort except for children under five years of age. A shortage of researches accessible for many stakeholders is one of the reasons why it is difficult to predict mortality among COVID-19 patients. Subsequently, there is a need to create and update records on the clinicodemographic profiles related to COVID-19 mortality from the hospitals that may be significant for future creation and the execution of management programs in the locality.
Establishing prevalence, clinical profiles, clinical management, hospital outcome, and identifying significant predictors of mortality among patients with COVID-19 is essential; this is to know possible preventable risk factors and acquire insight into the burden of the disease, particularly in our locality. Also, this study will examine demographic data, a clinical profile, in-hospital data, patient outcomes, and predictors of mortality among patients with COVID-19.
In addition, this study's results will reinforce the inaugural and maintenance database on COVID-19, give awareness regarding the disease burden and create a more effective in-hospital management that is relevant and applicable in our institution. This one-year retrospective study describes the clinicodemographic profile and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 admitted to a tertiary hospital between April 1, 2020, and April 1, 2021. Furthermore, this study aims to predict the clinicodemographic factors associated with length of hospital stay and in-hospital mortality.
Methods: This study employed a quantitative, observational, cohort, descriptive, comparative, analytical, and predictive research design conducted among 234 patients selected through random sampling. Data collection form was utilized and its data was treated with mean and standard deviation, frequency and percentage, one-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, linear regression, and logistic regression.
Results: The results revealed that most of the adult patients with COVID-19 were above 60 years old, mostly females, with mild PaO2/FiO2 ratio, without comorbidities, very low SOFA scores, and mostly treated for non-severe COVID-19. The average length of hospital stay was 11.3 days. Most of the patients were discharged. Age, sex, PaO2/FiO2 ratio, comorbidities, SOFA score, and mechanical ventilation support significantly vary between COVID-19 severities.
Furthermore, the presence of two or more comorbidities would mean longer hospital stay and patients with mechanical ventilation support are likely to have shorter hospital stay. The primary investigator strongly recommends better management for patients with comorbidities and those who are not on mechanical ventilation support to avoid longer hospital stays. Moreover, it is recommended that the study must be expanded through multicenter research by affiliating with other major hospitals in the Davao Region.
Conclusion: COVID-19 patients with two or more accompanying diseases are likely to stay longer in the hospital. On the other hand, patients on mechanical ventilation support are likely to have shorter hospital stay.
Recommendation: The primary investigator strongly recommends better management for patients with comorbidities and those who are not on mechanical ventilation support to avoid longer hospital stays. Moreover, it is recommended that the study must be expanded through multicenter research by affiliating with other major hospitals in the Davao Region.
Keywords: COVID-19, mortality, Davao Regional Medical Center, Davao Region
