Title : Seroprevalence and risk factors of Hepatitis B and C viruses among patients at Angré University Hospital Center, Côte d’Ivoire (2024)
Abstract:
Background: Viral hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) remain major global public health challenges, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. In Côte d’Ivoire, a high-endemicity area, updating epidemiological data is crucial to guide national response strategies in accordance with WHO recommendations.
Objectives: This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of HBV and HCV infections among patients admitted to Angré University Hospital (CHU d’Angré) and to identify the associated risk factors.
Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from March to December 2024 at the Medical Biology Department of Angré University Hospital. Patients who underwent viral hepatitis serology (HBsAg, total anti-HBc Ab, anti-HBs Ab, and/or anti-HCV Ab) were included. Clinical and serological data were collected via questionnaires and analyzed using R Studio software. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess associations between variables (p< 0.05; 95% CI).
Results: Of the 165 patients included, 100% were screened for HBV and 46.6% (77/165) for HCV. The prevalence of HBV and HCV was 12.1% and 3.9%, respectively, with a B/C co-infection rate of 5%. For HBV, the predominant age group was 25–44 years (55%), with a sex ratio (M/F) of 0.85. HCV positivity was most prevalent among men (66.7%) and patients aged 35–44 years. All HBV carriers presented a chronic infection profile (HBsAg+ and anti-HBc IgG+). Male sex was significantly associated with HBV infection (OR = 3.3; 95% CI [1.20 - 8.92]; p = 0.02). Other identified risk factors included a history of multiple sexual partners and ongoing pregnancy.
Conclusion: The study reveals a high prevalence of HBV and HCV at Angré University Hospital, primarily affecting young adults and men. The predominance of chronic forms highlights the urgent need for early screening and reinforced vaccination programs. These findings call for large-scale national studies to refine action plans for combating viral hepatitis in Côte d’Ivoire.
