Title : Cardiovascular complications associated with human immunodeficiency virus in pediatric patients

Abstract:

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection can affect the pediatric cardiovascular system through various mechanisms, including chronic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and intestinal microbial translocation. These processes lead to complications such as an increased incidence of congenital heart defects, inflammatory vascular disease, cardiac contractility abnormalities, systolic and diastolic heart failure, dilated cardiomyopathy, and heart failure. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) can induce chronic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, lipid abnormalities, insulin resistance, and lipodystrophy, contributing to accelerated atherosclerosis. This abstract explores the pathophysiology, complications, diagnostic methods, and prognosis of cardiovascular complications in pediatric HIV patients.

Methods
A specialized search was conducted in various databases at the Pontificia Universidad Javeriana using relevant keywords and MeSH terms, including: "Human Immunodeficiency Virus* Infection*", "HIV disease*", "HIV Infections (MESH)", "Human Immunodeficiency Virus* (EMTREE)", "AIDS Virus*", "Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Virus", "Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Virus", "human immunodeficiency virus HIV disease*", "human immunodeficiency virus HIV infection*", "Heart Diseases (MESH)", "Heart Disease (EMTREE)", "Cardiac Disease*", "Cardiac Disorder*", "Heart Disorder*", "cardiac anomaly", "cardiac disturbance", "cardiopathy", "heart deficiency", "heart deformity", "heart dysfunction", AND "Infant*", "Newborn*", "Newborn Infant*", "Neonate*", "Child[Mesh]", "Adolescent*", "Teen*", "Teenager*", "Youth*", and "Pediatric*". The findings were summarized in a narrative review.

Biography:

Karol Ann Stefanía Montúfar Melo has special interest in pediatric cardiology, and pediatric infectious diseases. Her dedication lies in improving the health and well-being of newborns and children through clinical practice, research, and academic collaboration. She has developed her research focus on the intersection between infectious diseases and cardiovascular health in pediatric populations, aiming to generate new approaches for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Her approach integrates evidence-based medicine with multidisciplinary collaboration, shaped by her experience as a resident physician at the Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, where she combines patient care with academic development.